Scientific Method, Microscope, Chemistry, STERNGRR

Scientific Method First step of scientific method is STATE THE PROBLEM Hypothesis- A prediction based on research and prior knowledge. Controlled experiment means ONLY 1 Variable

Microscope Diaphragm Adjusts to let in more/less light to the specimen How to calculate total magnification- Eyepiece multiplied by objective 10X * 45X = 450X

Chemistry Organic- Contains Carbon and Hydrogen 4 types- Carbohydrates Lipids (fats) Proteins Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates Quick Energy Made of simple sugars Ring shaped structure

Lipids Stored Energy and membranes (lipid bi-layer) Made of Glycerol and 3 fatty acids Looks like a long letter E

Proteins Tissue and muscle growth and enzymes Made of Amino acids Contains Nitrogen

Nucleic Acids Store and transmits Hereditary information DNA and RNA Nucleotide: Made of Sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base

Enzymes (Biological Catalyst) Speeds up chemical Acts on only 1 substrate Affected by temperature and pH Are proteins

pH pH scale goes from 0 to 14 Acids (BELOW 7) Bases (ABOVE 7) Neutral (7) The further from the middle the stronger they are

STERNGRR Synthesis, Transport, Excretion, Respiration, Nutrition, Growth and Development, Reproduction, Regulation

Synthesis Taking small pieces and making a large object Example: Protein Synthesis

Transport Moving materials around an organism Example: Diffusion, Osmosis, Active Transport

Excretion Removal of waste Exhaling CO2

Respiration Turning Food into ENERGY (ATP) Cellular Respiration → ATP

Nutrition Taking in nutrients

Growth and Development Growth- getting bigger Development- undergoing changes

Reproduction Asexual – 1DNA source Sexual- 2 DNA source

Regulation Homeostasis- Keeping an internal balance