U.S. History Objective 2.05.

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Presentation transcript:

U.S. History Objective 2.05

Objective 2.05 Identify the major reform movements and evaluate their effectiveness.

Dorothea Dix Crusader for the rights of the mentally ill, established several hospitals dedicated to their care.

Dorothea Dix (continued) # of state mental hospitals greatly increased during her lifetime Work began in 1841 when she visited a Cambridge (Mass.) jail to give a Sunday School lesson Saw horrific conditions

Rehabilitation Idea that punishment should be used to reform the imprisoned so that they may reenter society as productive citizens Dorothea Dix and Horace Mann worked toward this goal

Horace Mann Massachusetts leader of the educational reform movement. Said that we must “prepare children to become good citizens” for our republic.

Horace Mann (continued) Known as the “father of the American common school” Served in Mass. state legislature Elected to U.S. House of Rep. in 1848 Antislavery (abolition) Temperance Hospital for the insane

Second Great Awakening Religious revival – 1820s and 1830s Begins 1826 – Charles Grandison Finney Rejections “predestination” of Calvinism Success in the “burned out district”

Second Great Awakening (continued) Long meetings, communitywide campaigns, the “anxious bench” Church member ship grew Theodore Dwight Weld

Second Great Awakening (continued) Inspired or contributed to many secular reform movements Temperance, antidueling, public education, utopian socialism

Utopian Communities Est. mid-19th century. Based on idea that all individuals receive equal shares of wealth for an equal amount of work.

Utopian Communities (continued) Robert Owen Brook Farm (Massachusetts) Oneida New Harmony (Indiana)

Women’s Rights Worked for by: Lucretia Mott Elizabeth Cady Stanton Susan B. Anthony Sojourner Truth

Elizabeth Cady Stanton Helped lead Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 (with Susan B. Anthony)

Seneca Falls Convention Held in NY in 1848 Women’s rights meeting Led by Stanton and Anthony Present the “Declaration of Sentiments” Comparable to “Declaration of Independence”

Susan B. Anthony Firmly committed to female suffrage

Female Suffrage When does it occur? 1919 – 19th Amendment