Bellringer (08/31/15) What is the main reason many countries established colonies in the Americas and elsewhere? Should colonists help pay for the home country’s expenses? Why or why not? If you were the leader of a home country that was in debt, would you make your colonies pay more in taxes? Why or why not?
Today’s Class (08/31/15) Outcome: Agenda: Be able to explain the relationship between the French and Indian War and the American Revolution. Agenda: Bellringer Brief Unit Overview French & Indian War Notes Take a Position prompt Video – French & Indian War Reflect on Outcome
New Unit Unit 2 - The American Revolution & Constitution What events and actions helped cause it What happenings led to tension between the 13 colonies and Britain The Enlightenment’s influence on development of an American government Issuing of Declaration of Independence What factors led to it being issued Major battles & turning points in the American Revolution Compare the Articles of Confederation & the Constitution Examine the ideas in the Constitution Bill of Rights
The French and Indian War (1754-1763)
Background of French & Indian War In the mid-1700s, France & Britain have territory in North America. British held land along the Atlantic coast. French held land in eastern Canada and the Great Lakes region. French settlers were more interested in the fur trade and having their Catholic priests convert Native Americans than the British. British settlers were seeking to establish permanent colonies, and usually did not get along well with Native Americans. Because of this, the French had better relations with the Native Americans than the British.
War Erupts in North America The English and French had disputes over the area between their land, known as the Ohio Territory. In 1754, the French built a fort (Duquesne) in the region to protect the area. The British sent a militia led by George Washington to ask the French to leave Ft. Duquesne. The French refused, and the British established their own Fort, Necessity.
France’s Early Victories In the first battle of the war, French defeat George Washington and the Virginia militia at Fort Necessity in 1756. France won many early battles because of their close relationship with the many Native American tribes, who helped them fight the British. Over the next three years, between 1755-1758, the French won many battles in the Ohio River valley and eastern Canada. The French’s Native American allies helped the French outnumber the British in North America.
Britain Turns the Tide Angered by French victories, British King George II selected a new leader, William Pitt, to organize the troops. Under Pitt, the British started to win battles against the French and Native Americans. Pitt had established a new plan: increase troops, issue a naval blockade, and ally with Native Americans in the area. In September 1759, the British won a decisive battle at Quebec in the heart of French territory in eastern Canada, effectively ending the war.
Ending of the War With the French defeated at the Battle of Quebec, the war officially ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763. Great Britain claimed all of the land east of the Mississippi River. France lost all of its territory in North America. Spain was given all the territory west of the Mississippi River.
Impact of French & Indian War
Effects of the War To avoid further conflicts with other Europeans and Native Americans, Britain issued the Proclamation of 1763. This Proclamation prohibited the colonists from crossing the Appalachian mountains to settle. Many settlers moved west, despite this – created friction between two. Due to the massive costs of the French and Indian War, Britain had nearly doubled its national debt.
Take a Position – Britain’s Debt On a half sheet of paper, do the following: With a partner, brainstorm and write down at least two options that Britain may have had to pay off their massive debt after the French and Indian War. Choose one of your options and explain how this decision would help solve Britain’s massive debt problem.
French & Indian War: Causes, Effects, & Summary Video that explains the French & Indian War: http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/the-french-and-indian-war-causes-effects-summary.html Which action by France initiated the French & Indian War? What advantage did France have at the beginning of the war? Why did France’s allies decrease during the war? (Hint: Columbian Exchange) How did the French & British territories in North America change after the French & Indian War?
Reflecting on Today Outcome: Tell me: How are they related? Students will be able to explain the relationship between the French and Indian War and the American Revolution. Tell me: How are they related?