1. The French and Indian War

2. Why did it happen?
Both England and France wanted to control the Ohio River Valley
English based their claims on the exploration of Cabot
French based their claims on the explorations of La Salle and Champlain

3. Ohio River Valley
Located between the Ohio River and the Great Lakes and between the Mississippi River and the Appalachian Mountains.

4. Why did they want the land?
English wanted the land for settlements
French wanted to trap and sell beaver furs

6. How did it get started?
1754 – French and their Indian Allies, the Huron attacked Fort Necessity

7. Advantages English French Navy controlled the Atlantic Coast
Larger population in the colonies
Iroquois Indians
French
Guerilla warfare
Huron Indians
Strong Network of forts
Guerilla Warfare Scene from Last of the Mohicans: STOP AT 1:16

8. Secret British Weapon
The Indians were convinced that the bagpipes, played by the Scottish regiments, were actually demons out to carry away their souls

9. Benjamin Franklin Proposed Albany plan of Union
Wanted colonist to join together for defensive purposes
Drew snake cartoon to show colonists’ disunity

10. George Washington In British colonial army
Watched French and Huron use guerilla warfare – would later use against British during Revolution

11. William Pitt Made Prime Minister of England at the end of the war
Put the country in debt by deciding that England would pay for all costs of the war

12. Battle of Quebec Last battle of the war
Both the English Commander (Wolfe) and the French Commander (Montcolm) were killed in battle
English won the war

13. Treaty of Paris - 1763 Officially ended the war Signed in Paris
English gained more territory in one treaty that any nation has ever obtained

14. Terms of the Treaty
Britain – all of Canada, Florida, and all land East of the Mississippi River
Spain – Louisiana and all land West of the Mississippi River
France – lost all territory in North America

15. Before the War

16. After the War

17. Importance of French and Indian War
Colonists became more independent
Colonial militia gained experience
England decided to govern the colonies more rigidly
England wanted the colonists to pay for the war

18. Pontiac’s War Happened after the end of the French and Indian War
Indians living along the Ohio River grew upset when the English colonists began to settle on the land permanently

19. Jeffrey Amherst British Indian Affairs Agents
Sent blankets contaminated with small pox to the Indians
The Indians had no resistance so they died by the thousands

20. The Proclamation of 1763
To prevent more fighting, Britain called a halt to the settlers' westward expansion. In the Proclamation of 1763, King George III declared that the Appalachian Mountains were the temporary western boundary for the colonies.

21. Proclamation of 1763