High Middle Ages The Rise of Culture.

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Presentation transcript:

High Middle Ages The Rise of Culture

Universities Develop Universities began as learning guilds Association of people organized for the purpose of learning & teaching

Universities Develop Limited to subjects such as theology, law & medicine Development of Academic Degrees: B.A., M.A., Ph.D.

Scholasticism Intellectual movement that attempted to reconcile faith & reason Faith: Church teachings Reason: Aristotle’s logic

Vernacular Literature Vernacular: the language of everyday speech Instead of using Latin, people began to speak the language that had developed in their own countries

Vernacular Literature Gave each kingdom a separate identity Made literature accessible to more people

Vernacular Writers Father of modern Italian Dante Alighieri (13th Century Poet) Father of modern Italian

Vernacular Writers Divine Comedy Describes an imaginary journey from hell to heaven Reflects values of the time & criticizes society

Vernacular Writers Geoffrey Chaucer (14th Century Writer) Father of modern English

Vernacular Writers Canterbury Tales Describes a group of pilgrims who tell stories to amuse one another while on their way to Thomas Beckett’s shrine

Medieval Architecture

Early Medieval Architecture Romanesque Architecture

Early Architecture Characteristics: Rounded arches Barrel vaults Thick walls Darker, simplistic interiors Small windows, usually at the top of the walls

St. Filibert, France

Romanesque Cathedral: Interior

Later Medieval Architecture Gothic Architecture

Later Architecture Gothic Style: Pointed arches Flying buttresses Stained glass windows Rose windows Elaborate, ornate interior Taller, more airy  lots of light Lavish sculpture

Later Architecture Gothic Symbolism? General floor plan in the shape of a cross With high walls & pointed arches, everything appeared to be pointing towards heaven

The Gothic Cathedral

Notre Dame Cathedral Paris

Gothic Floor Plan

Interior of Cathedral

Interior of Cathedral

St. Etienne, Bourges “Flying” Buttresses

Flying Buttress

Cathedral Gargoyles In architecture, gargoyles are the carved structures that connect to spouts which convey water away from the sides of buildings Chimera  similar type of structure that does not function as a waterspout

Stained Glass Windows For the glory of God For religious instruction

Rose Windows Circular stained glass window In churches and cathedrals rose windows generally allude to the Virgin Mary, who is called the Mystical Rose

Which Interior?

Which Vault?

Which Exterior?