1. Chapter 9 Section 4 Learning, Literature, and the Arts
By Naqua Shaw
9/13/2018

2. I. Medieval Universities
Academic guilds- in the middle ages, association of merchants or artisans who cooperated to protect their economic interests.
Student Life- university life offered few comforts , also a program of a study covered the seven liberal arts; arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music, grammar, rhetoric, and logic.
Women and education- Women were not allowed to attend the universities.(Christine De Pizan was an exception).
9/13/2018

3. II. Europeans Acquire “New” Learning
Spread of learning- In the Middle East Muslim scholars had translated the works of Aristotle.
Philosophy – Christians developed scholasticism- used reason to support Christian beliefs.
Science and Mathematics- Works of science, translated from Arabic and Greek, also reached Europe from Spain and the Byzantine Empire. Yet science made little real progress in the middle Ages because most scholars still believed that all true knowledge must fit with church teachings.
9/13/2018

4. III.Medieval Literature
Vernacular- the everyday languages of ordinary people such as French, German, and Italian.
Epics- long narrative poems, about feudal warriors and tales of the common people.
Dante's Divine Comedy- Italian poet Dante Alighieri.
Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales- by Geoffrey.
9/13/2018

5. IV. Architecture and Art
Romanesque Strength- about 100 monasteries and towns built solid stone churches that reflected Roman influences.
Gothic Grace- Flying buttresses- stone supports that stood outside the church.
Art in Stone and Glass- as churches rose, stonemasons carved sculptures to decorate them inside and out.
Illuminated Manuscripts- Illumination- artistic decoration of books.
Artists decorated these prayer books with depictions of towns and castles, knights and ladies in gardens or at banquet, and peasants working in the fields.
9/13/2018