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Art and Culture of the Middle Ages
Chapter 14 Section 3
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Key Terms Gothic Flying buttress Illumination Hildegard of Bingen
Troubadours Geoffrey Chaucer Dante Alighieri Thomas Aquinas Scholasticism
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Gothic Architecture Maurice de Scully-dreamed of Notre Dame
Gothic style- taller and brighter than other churches Flying buttress-support the walls from the outside, higher ceilings
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Gothic Architecture Churches had much larger windows
Artists created stained glass panels Biblical scenes Cathedrals had statues of saints, kings, gargoyles to drain water
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Gothic Architecture Candleholders, crosses all made of gold
Priests wore clothes of gold
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Illumination Illuminations- is the decorating written manuscripts with pictures Used to bring pages to life Decorate the first letter that appeared Very large colorful
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Tapestry Tapestry- large woolen wall hanging
Hung in castles to prevent drafts Daily life, fantasy or history Unicorns, dragons Bayeux tapestry Tells the story of William the Conqueror
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Literature Covered everything in human life Religious texts Religion
romance Epic adventures Religious texts Most writings were on religion Few people could read
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Religious Texts Religious writers created Sermons how to live
Interpretations of the Bible Lives of saints Read by the literate Clergy, nobility and merchants
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Religious Texts Created religious songs and poems Hildegard of Bingen
artist Wrote dozens of poems and music for them Wrote in Latin
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Epics and Romances Long poems that tell stories
Have heroes and villains Song of Roland Fight against Muslims in Spain True love and chivalry Chivalry was a code of honor knights lived by
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Epic Romances Troubadours-wandering singers
Went from court to court spreading the news Epics and romances not written in Latin Vernacular- is the everyday language
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Major works Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer Story of pilgrims
Each pilgrim tells a story on the trip Characters come from all backgrounds Helps historians know what life was like Increased interest in English
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Major Works The Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri
Three parts, Hell (Inferno), Purgatory (Purgatorio), Paradise (Paridisio) Trip through the afterlife Meets people from his own life Great figures in history
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Thinking and Learning Science and Universities new systems of thought
Alchemy-conduct experiments Turn metals into gold Heated, dissolved, vaporized things Learned about chemical reactions
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Universities Increased Greek learning into Europe
Scientific, philosophical, mathematical, astronomical and medical Lecturers taught Grammar, Latin, logic, geometry, music Liberal Arts
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The Teachings of Thomas Aquinas
Most influential of all scholars Taught in Paris Interested in Greek Philosophers Aristotle- truth discovered through human reasoning Church-truth was revealed by God and depended on faith
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The Teachings of Thomas Aquinas
Aquinas tried to reconcile both approaches Faith and reasoning Scholasticism Christian teachings were knowable and provable through the use of logic and reason Human reason (learning)
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