Bellringer Get out your completed Renaissance Head If its done, you get a sticker If its not done, you will get partial credit at the time of the binder check if you finish it. Complete the quiz WITHOUT your notes! Turn it over when you’re done.

Challenging the Authority of the Catholic Church

Merchant wealth Merchant wealth challenged the church’s view of usury Charging a fee for the use of money Example: interest on loans

Germans and English vs. the Italians The nobility of Germany and England resented the Italian domination of the church Rulers resented the pope’s attempts to control them Northern rulers resented paying taxes to Rome

The Church’s Misuse of Power The power and wealth of the church caused conflicts During the Renaissance, Popes patronized the arts, spent tons of money on personal pleasures, and fought wars

Church corruption Many priests were illiterate Nuns and priests were having illegitimate children Church officials were charging to see holy remains and objects Simony: allowed church officials to be bought by the highest bidder Indulgences: buying an indulgence was supposed to forgive you of sins committed or of future sin. Meaning you would spend less time in purgatory.

Processing Time Why were the Northern rulers upset about the church? What are two examples of church corruption?

Protestant= one who protests

Martin Luther Who: A German monk who became a priest in 1507 Views: Salvation can be achieved through faith alone The Bible is the ultimate authority All people are equal

October 31, 1512: Luther posted 95 formal statements of criticism about the Catholic Church on a church door in Wittenburg All he meant to do was start a discussion, but his 95 theses led to the Protestant Reformation.

The Church’s Response Pope issued a formal document of excommunication and gave ML 60 days to recant ML burned the Papal decree in a bonfire and officially broke from the church Those who believed in ML’s ideas became Lutherans

John Calvin Who: A French Protestant reformer and humanist 1536: Calvin wrote “Institutions of Christian Religion” which outlined his beliefs and helped spread the Protestant Movement

Views: Predestination: God already knows who will be saved Faith is revealed by living a righteous life Strong work ethic a plus Playing cards, bright clothes a no no

Followers Calvinists In France, they were known as Huguenots In Scotland: John Knox took Calvin’s ideas and adapted them, creating the Presbyterian faith

King Henry VIII King of England and a devout Catholic Needed: a son and heir to the throne He didn’t think his wife (Catherine of Aragon) could give him one, so he needed a divorce.

Divorce is illegal in the Catholic church, and the pope refused to annul the marriage. 1529: Henry called Parliament into session and ended the Pope’s power in England Act of Supremacy: made the King, not the Pope, the official head of the Church in England

Henry took all the money out of the monasteries across England New church in England: the Anglican Church

Elizabeth I Ruled after her brother Edward VI (Protestant) and her sister Mary (Catholic) Made Anglicanism the official religion of England

Elizabeth tolerated people who disagreed with her religious views. Spread the Protestant faith to the Americas through expansion and colonialism Example: Jamestown The victory over the Spanish Armada in 1588 ended interference from the continent Elizabeth tolerated people who disagreed with her religious views.