Efforts to strengthen Source Security Dr. K. Mrabit DG, AMSSNuR

Outline Use of radioactive sources in the Kingdom of Morocco. Legal and Regulatory Framework. National Approach to enhance nuclear security. IAEA Assistance & Cooperation. What could be done by the GICNT? Conclusion.

Use of radioactive sources Over than 1200 radioactive sources used in more than ̴100 facilities: Medical applications Gamma knife Brachytherapy (HDR) Industrial applications Gamma radiography Gauges Agriculture ( irradiator) Research.

Sustainable Safe & Secure Management of Radioactive Sources Requires: •  National Policy, Strategies, clear responsibilities. •  Adequate Legal and Regulatory Framework. •  Adequate Resources and Infrastructure (technical, human, financial). •  Consideration of existing, future inventories. •  Consideration of the COMPLETE lifecycle.

Legal & Regulatory Framework Binding instruments Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (CPPNM) (ratified in 2002) & its Amendment (ratified in 2015); ICSANT Amendment to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (ratified in 2015); Convention Internationale sur la Suppression d’actes de Terrorisme Nucléaire (ratified in 2010); UNSCR 1540 &1373 Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (ratified in 1993); Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency (ratified in 1993); Non binding instruments & NSS documents Code of Conduct of the Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources Nuclear Security Series documents

Legal & Regulatory Framework (Cont’d) New law 142-12 on nuclear and radiological safety and security enacted in August 2014. Establishment of a new independent Regulatory Authority: Agence Marocaine de Sûreté et de Sécurité Nucléaires et Radiologiques (AMSSNuR); In addition to safety & security aspects, the law covers safeguards and emergency preparedness issues; All related regulations shall be issued by 2019.

National Approach to enhance nuclear security National inventory of Radioactive Sources –being finalised & computerized; Detection on boarders and scrap metals dealers facilities – being done; Enhancement of security in cat 1&2 facilities -done; National interim storage facility at CENM site -done.

National Approach to enhance nuclear security (Cont’d) Enhance the awareness on nuclear security at the operational level – being done; Strengthen the regulatory framework – being done; Enhance the security culture at the different levels – being done; Use of Linear accelerators instead of radioactive sources in teletherapy.

National Approach to enhance nuclear security (Cont’d) Create the Nuclear Security and Support Training Centre to develop Human resources – done; Improve planning and preparedness of emergency response exercises – being done; Organize training and drills on search and secure of orphan sources – being done.

IAEA Assistance & cooperation (Cont’d) Guidance development Revisions of Nuclear Security Series No.11 and No. 9 to Member States approved for publication; publication expected in early 2018 Guidance under the Code of Conduct on the Management of Disused Sources to be published TECDOCs on licensing and inspection for security under development

IAEA Assistance & cooperation (Cont’d) Model Security Regulations based on NSS. No. 11 are available as Working Material for use by States – address use, storage, and transport Recognize that the Model Regulations may need to be adapted to suit the actual organization and legal structure within a particular State IAEA can review draft security regulations and provide feedback to MSs

IAEA Assistance & cooperation (Cont’d) In 2017-2018, specific project “Enhancing National Regulatory Frameworks for Nuclear Security in African States” Kick off event on 3-7 April 2017 in Morocco Announcements for these events was circulated this week to Permanent Missions in early February. All are encouraged to participate!!

IAEA Assistance & cooperation (Cont’d) E-modules covering Radioactive Sources and Uses, Categorization of Radioactive Sources – are available! Intended to serve as pre-requisites for in-class training On going in-class training courses: Establishing national inventories Curriculum being amended to combine safety aspects; available upon request Workshops on security management/security plans available upon request Training on conduct of security inspections  to follow guidance development

IAEA Assistance & cooperation (Cont’d) Peer Reviews: nuclear and other radioactive material under regulatory control in depth review of physical protection regime Identify needs for enhancement at state and facility (activity) level, including transport ~75 missions conducted since 1996

What could be done by GICNT? GICNT can promote the sharing of experience and best practices in source security. GICNT can promote operational security of radioactive sources for Operators, Users and Industry. GICNT can ensure complementarity to the IAEA’s efforts in Peer Reviews and Advisory Services, by identifying experts and providing feedback. GICNT can organize exercises on source security.

Conclusion Nuclear security is a national responsibility, but international cooperation is crucial – Global threat requires global response. IAEA develops Guidance & provides for their application through expert advice, training, Peer reviews. GICNT can promote the sharing of experience and best practices in source security. GICNT can promote operational security among operators, users, industry.