III. Cell Respiration

A. Cellular Respiration Process in which food is broken down to release ATP Occurs in Mitochondria Equation: C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

B. Glycolysis 1st step in the process of cell respiration 1 Glucose is broken  2 pyruvate molecules 2 ATP molecules produced overall Occurs in cytoplasm

C. Next the cell has a choice: Aerobic respiration a. requires O2 b. happens in mitochondria Anaerobic respiration a. no O2 required b. happens in cytoplasm

D. Aerobic Respiration 2 Steps:

1. Krebs Cycle Pyruvate broken down, releasing: CO2 High energy electrons 2 ATP

2. Electron Transport Chain (ETC) High energy electrons are passed from one molecule to next. Each transfer helps turn one ADP + P  ATP 32 ATP produced

E. Anaerobic Respiration Two Types

1. Alcoholic Fermentation Starts with Pyruvate and NADH & Product is ethanol & CO2 Yeast do this in making bread

2. Lactic Acid Fermentation When human muscle cells run out of Oxygen Convert Pyruvate to Lactic Acid Small amount of ATP released