1. Breaking down food to get energy
Cellular Respiration
Breaking down food to get energy

2. 2 Basic Kinds of Respiration:
Aerobic
Uses O2 to break down food
Anaerobic
Takes place without oxygen

3. Glycolysis
All types of respiration begin with glycolysis in the cytoplasm
Glucose, a 6-C molecule, is split into 2 3-C molecules called pyruvate
Energy is released:
2 ATP
2 NADH

4. If oxygen is present in cell…
Pyruvate enters the mitochondria, the cell’s “powerhouse”
In a # of steps called the Citric Acid Cycle, pyruvate is broken down
6 CO2 molecules are released
2 ATP are made
Electron carriers are made (NADH and FADH2)

5. The final step of aerobic respiration is the Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
ETC requires oxygen to work
The carrier molecules made in glycolysis and Citric Acid cycle are used to “power” the production of ATP
Up to 34 ATPs can be made
Water is made as a waste

7. Summing up Aerobic Respiration:
Food, usu. glucose, is broken down to make energy (ATP)
Oxygen is needed
C6H12O6 + 6 O2  6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP + Heat

10. If no oxygen is present…
Some cells go through Fermentation
Recycles necessary molecules that allow glycolysis to continue
Only produces a little ATP

11. Examples of Fermentation:
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Occurs in Muscle cells
Turn pyruvate into lactic acid when they run out of oxygen
Lactic acid causes fatigue and cramping

12. Alcoholic Fermentation
Yeast
Turns pyruvate into alcohol- Wine
Releases CO2 – makes bread rise