3. A – Chap. 9 H – Chap. 6 C 6 H 12 O 6 C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6O 2 → 6CO 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O 6H 2 O + ATP

4. = The process where the chemical energy of "food" molecules is released and changed to ATP. ATP powers almost ALL cellular and body activities.

5. Where does it happen?  Mitochondria How does it happen?  3 Steps...

6. 3. The ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN (ETC) 1. GLYCOLYSIS 2. The KREBS CYCLE!

7. 1. Glycolysis --Takes place in the cytoplasm of cells --Breaks glucose (6-carbon) into two pyruvic acid(3-carbon) and produces 2 ATP 2 pyruvic acid molecules 1 glucose

8. 2. The Kreb’s Cycle If OXYGEN is present (aerobic)...then... -- Takes place in mitochondria matrix --In this cycle, 3-carbon compound and Oxygen are converted to CO 2, 2 ATP, and lots of high energy electrons

9. Image taken from www.sp.uconn.edu

10. 3. Electron Transport Chain Takes place in inner membrane of mitochondria Takes place in inner membrane of mitochondria High Energy electrons (from Krebs) are passed through a chain producing LOTS + LOTS + LOTS + LOTS of High Energy electrons (from Krebs) are passed through a chain producing LOTS + LOTS + LOTS + LOTS of ATP (34)

12. What if after glycolysis, there is NO oxygen???? Anaerobic conditions lead to... Fermentation 1.Alcoholic— Ethanol and CO 2 2. Lactic Acid— Lactic acid and CO 2 ***No more ATP produced after glycolysis

13. Summary Glucose Glycolysis Pyruvate Fermentation Ethanol & CO 2 Lactate Without O 2 With O 2 Kreb’s Cycle ETC (Net) 2 ATP 34 ATP (Produces the greatest amount of ATP!) (Cells make a limited # of ATP) Alcoholic Lactic Acid

14. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration “Cycle” Products of one become reactants of the other!

15. Movie from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fvgpf51ScuI