Carl Jung

Biography Born in 1875 in Switzerland to a poor country pastor and his wife Had trouble talking with father Viewed Mom as both good and bad Very lonely, introverted child with strange ideas, dreams, and visions that he viewed as valuable communications with the paranormal May have suffered childhood psychosis; still debated

Career and relationship with Freud Became a medical doctor who specialized in psychiatry Met Freud in 1907 and quickly became close with him Association with Freud ended in 1913 over Freud’s preoccupation with sexuality The break left both men devastated. Jung began a period of self-analysis and writing in “The Red Book” He developed his own school of thought called analytical psychology.

The Levels of the Psyche The Conscious Ego: similar in scope and meaning to Freud’s concept of the ego The Personal Unconscious: contains thoughts and feelings that aren’t currently part of conscious awareness. Thoughts are sometimes repressed but sometimes they’re just not consciously being thought about. The Collective Unconscious: a deeper level of unconsciousness made up of powerful emotional symbols called archetypes common to all people; “inherited” from ancestors.

Archetypes There are as many archetypes as there are personal experiences. The universal and prototypical images, objects, and types of people or experiences that our ancestors have encountered through the generations and have gained importance due to the significant role they play in day to day living Imprinted in our psyche As many as there are personal experiences Most commonly manifest themselves in our dreams When attached to personal experiences can make a complex Believed these could take control of the personality if too prominent Believed groups could project the meaning of archetypes

Common Archetypes Anima/Animus Magician/trickster Child-God Mother Wise old man Hero Demon Shadow Persona Hermaphrodite

Complexes A complex is a group of emotionally charged feelings, thoughts, and ideas that are related to a particular theme. The strength of any given complex is determined by its libido, or “value.” The complex has constellating power—it has the ability to draw new ideas into itself and interpret them. Like a magnet that draws related experiences. Have important implications in interpersonal relationships (how we react towards others).

Functions Jung posited four functions of the mind: Sensing (Is something there?) Thinking (What is it that’s there?) Feeling (What’s it worth?) Intuiting (Where did it come from, and where is it going?) All four of these functions are present in all humans, but one usually dominates.

Sensing and Thinking Sensing Getting info through the senses (senses something is there but not what it is) Good at looking, listening to, and getting to know the world An irrational function Occurs on the conscious level Thinking Evaluating info rationally and logically (therefore a rational function) Gives names to objects sensed.

Feeling and Intuiting Feeling Evaluating info by weighing one’s overall, emotional response Judges value to an individual and whether good or bad Occurs on the unconscious level A rational function Intuiting Perception outside the usual conscious processes Provides hunches when factual info is not available Based on the complex integration of large amounts of information An irrational function

Attitudes Jung also posited two major attitudes: Extraversion Introversion He considered both of these to be separate and opposing constructs, although they’re both present in each person. One usually dominates.

Jung's Typology Eight combinations of the functions and attitudes Form the basis of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Jung considered himself to be an intuitive introvert.