1. P SYCHODYNAMIC T HEORIES

2. K EY T ERMS Psychodynamic theory – an approach to therapy that focuses on resolving a patient’s conflicted conscious/unconscious feelings Psychoanalytic theory – Sigmund Freud’s theory that all human behaviour is influenced by early childhood and childhood experiences influences the unconscious mind throughout life Neo-Freudians – psychologists who modified Freud’s psychoanalytic to include social and cultural aspects

3. K EY T ERMS Analytical Psychology – A branch of psych founded by Carl Yung based on the idea that balancing a person’s psych would allow the person to reach his or her full potential Collective unconscious – the shared, inherited pool of memories from our ancestors Personal unconsciousness – unique to each individual

4. K EY T ERMS Defence Mechanism- ego’s way of dealing with anxiety Repression - the ego doesn’t accept feelings or memories from the consciousness mind Displacement - shifting your emotion to another person’s object or situation

5. S IGMUND F REUD Famous Psychologist Discovered three parts of the human conscious and believed they interacted with each other and individual chooses which urge to respond to Ego - Rational part of mind Id - The instinctual part of mind Super Ego - Moral centre of mind

6. K AREN H ORNEY (1885-1952) Neo-Freudian ( psychologist who modified Freud’s theories to include social and cultural aspects) Felt Freud’s theories didn’t represent women Made significant contributions to study of neurotic disorder (involves anxiety and fear) Many contributions – still valid today

7. C ARL J UNG (1875-1961) Student of Freud that disagreed with him Founded analytical psychology Believed symbols represent same thing to all human beings Archetypes – connected to images and emotions Mother – nurturing and soothing Father – stern and powerful Discovered 2 parts to unconscious: Personal and Collective

8. P ERSONALITY Carl Jung made 4 types of personalities: Thinking (uses reason) Feeling (uses emotions) Sensations (uses the senses) Intuition (uses perception) Consciously we choose one type and our unconscious mind chooses the opposite of that This leads to the field of psychometrics – uses questionnaires and tests to measure personality and ability

9. P SYCHOLOGY OF I NTERPRETATION OF D REAMS Psychologists used dreams to make diagnoses Studying dreams can help psychologists understand the unconscious Freud’s dream theories were criticized and was said to be one of his biggest failures Jung believed that symbols in dreams was the unconscious/instinctive mind trying to communicate with the conscious mind