An introductory Overview Between the Wars An introductory Overview

The End of WWI Paris Peace Conference Officially Ended in 1919 Treaty of Versailles Germany made Reparations Germany had to de-arm Germany had to take responsibility for the war with the Allies (France, Russia, Great Britain, and the US) Officially Ended in 1919

The World After WWI Politically: Economically: Socially: Downfall of 4 monarchies: Russia – 1917 Austria-Hungary – 1918 Germany – 1918 Turkey – 1922 Economically: Hurt all European economies badly US becomes world’s leading economic power Socially: Flu epidemic killed 25 million worldwide Armenian Genocide occurs at this time

What Happened to Russia? Deaths in WWI – 3.3 million During WWI – economic issues and losing the war Causes a revolution – Communists take power (Lenin) and withdraw Russia from the fighting Civil War occurs at this time and many former Russian territories break free from Russia Soviet Russia (Communist Russia) or the USSR regains control of Belarus and Ukraine, but loses Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Finland, and Estonia – eventually Stalin becomes leader

What Happened to Great Britain? Deaths in WWI – 990K During WWI – helped France defeat Germany, defeats Ottoman Empire in the Middle East Gains territory in the Middle East, but struggles because the war was expensive and a lot of lives were lost Economic problems make it hard to control their colonies Ireland declares independence in 1921

Critical Thinking Questions Synthesis - Prediction: What do you think will happen if Great Britain is losing control of their colonies? Analysis - Cause and Effect: Based on your answer to the first question, how will this affect Great Britain’s economy and stability? When you are finished writing the answers to your questions, you will share with a partner and then with the class using equity cards so be prepared to answer!

What happened to France? Deaths in WWI – 1.69 million During WWI – lost land to the Germans, but stopped their spread After WWI – beat Germany Devastated by the trench warfare fought on French land It ruined their industrial land and they lost a lot of French lives So, they suffered huge economic consequences

What happened to Germany? Deaths in WWI – 2.4 million During WWI – declared war on France and immediately occupied land there, were defeated when the US entered the war After WWI – Treaty of Versailles Had to pay reparations and de-arm Lost overseas territories Economy and morale declines sharply, leads to rise of the Nazi party

Critical Thinking Questions Analysis - Cause and Effect: Why would reparations have had such a bad effect on Germany’s economy? Synthesis - Prediction: How do you think this made German citizens react? When you are finished writing the answers to your questions, you will share with a partner and then with the class using equity cards so be prepared to answer!

What happened to Austria-Hungary? Deaths in WWI – 1.5 million During WWI – Started the war declarations when Franz Ferdinand was assassinated Caused the domino effect of the alliances Defeated terribly After WWI – forced to give up large areas of land Economy suffered

What happened to Italy? Deaths in WWI – 1.2 million During WWI – originally allied with Austria, but turned on them and invaded – beat them badly Helped break up the Austria-Hungarian empire After WWI – got some Austrian land Faced difficulties at home, which led to the rise of the socialist party and Mussolini Italy becomes fascist under Mussolini which aligns with the German Nazi party

Critical Thinking Questions Comprehension – Summarize Why will Italy and Germany eventually become allies? Application – Example Give an example of the domino effect that occurred with the alliances in WWI. When you are finished writing the answers to your questions, you will share with a partner and then with the class using equity cards so be prepared to answer!

What happened to the US? Deaths in WWI – 117K During WWI – helped tip the war in favor of France, which caused Germany to sign the armistice After WWI – did not receive land since on a different continent, did not have many war costs Economy was thriving, unlike all of the European countries Became the world power at the time Treaty of Versailles creates the League of Nations

What is the League of Nations? President Woodrow Wilson created it 40 nations signed onto it at the Treaty of Versailles It was supposed to be a forum to negotiate disputes or arguments rather than resorting immediately to war Like the modern day United Nations The US Senate would not agree to the league of Nations so the US withdrew and it lost all of its power The senate was worried it would mean that the US had to fight in future wars

Critical Thinking Questions Knowledge – Recall Who became the dominant world power after WWI? Comprehension – Summarize/Explain Summarize what happened with the League of Nations. When you are finished writing the answers to your questions, you will share with a partner and then with the class using equity cards so be prepared to answer!

The rest of the world Europe wasn’t the only part of the world affected after WWI Nationalist sentiment and revolutions for independence started spreading throughout the globe, including in: Latin America Africa The Middle East India China Japan

Western Democracies and the Rise of Totalitarianism Western Democracies are struggling because of the effects of WWI Some countries begin to become socialist, communist, or fascist because the people just want their lives to be better – leading to a rise of totalitarianism Totalitarianism = a dictator that requires complete subservience to the state (the dictator themselves) All of this will lead up to Hitler and the Rise of the Nazi party

Critical Thinking Questions Comprehension – Summarize Give a summary of what the world was like after WWI. Evaluation – Compare/Contrast Compare and contrast the world before WWI and the world after WWI When you are finished writing the answers to your questions, you will share with a partner and then with the class using equity cards so be prepared to answer!