1. March 23, 2016 End of WWI Treaty of Versailles Notes
Get out paper and pencil
TEST Friday!
Study Guide on Blog

2. Paris Peace Process January 1919 at Palace of Versailles Big Three:
Woodrow Wilson (USA)
Georges Clemenceau (France)
David Lloyd George (Great Britain)
Russia, Germany, and German allies not represented
Fighting ended in Nov. 1918, but peace process wouldn’t begin until Jan. 1919
Took place at the Palace of Versailles in Paris
There were 32 countries there but 4 would take the lead in making decisions
BIG FOUR: Woodrow Wilson (USA), Georges Clemenceau (France), David Lloyd George (GB) and Vittorio Orlando (Italy)
Russia was not present due to its civil war (Ask students: Why was Russia not present at the peace conference?)
Germany and German allies were not present (Ask students: What do you think will happen at this peace conference since Germany and its allies are not present? Is that fair?)
Why

3. Fourteen Points Woodrow Wilson Outline for establishing peace
Attempt to prevent causes like M.A.I.N from happening again
14th point:
“general association of nations” that would “protect great and small states alike”
Fourteen points was Woodrow Wilson’s series of peace proposals included:
End to secret treaties (Ask students: What was this in response to? Alliances formed before/during the war)
Freedom of the seas (What was this in response to? Unrestricted submarine warfare)
Free trade
Reduction of national armies and navies (What was this in response to? Militarism)
Adjustment of colonial claims (What was this in response to? Imperialism)
Changing borders and creating new nations (What was this in response to? Nationalism)
Self-determination
General association of nations (Idea for League of Nations, which fails, and eventual United Nations)

4. Treaty of Versailles

5. Treaty of Versaille
Compromise between France and Britain and the United States
USA wanted lasting peace
France and Great Britain aimed to punish Germany
Signed June 28,1919
Compromise between France and Britain and the United States
USA wanted lasting peace
France and Great Britain aimed to punish Germany (Ask students to take the perspective of a British citizen who just lived through WWI. What sort of emotions would they feel, especially towards Germany? How would that impact you viewpoint on the peace process? Do the same for France?)
They didn’t want Germany to be a military threat again
George Clemenceau made the treaty be signed in the Hall of Mirrors where Wilhelm I had been crowned emperor of Germany in 1871
Signed June 28,1919 (what is significant about this date?)
5 years to the day from when Franz Ferdinand was assassinated

7. Terms of the Treaty of Versaille
Adopts League of Nations
Punished Germany:
Lost territory
Limits on military
“War Guilt” clause
Germany pays reparations to the Allies
Imperial territories become mandates
Adopts League of Nations
Precursor to the United Nations
Punished Germany:
Lost territory in Europe
Limits on military
“War Guilt” clause
Germany has to accept full responsibility/blame for the war even though Austria started the war
Germany pays reparations to the Allies
Huge negative impact on German economy
Imperial territories become mandates that are governed by the League of Nations

8. New Nations Formed Large empires dissolve into smaller nations
Austria-Hungary becomes Czechoslovakia, Austria, Hungary, and Yugoslavia
Russia becomes Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia
Germany loses land to form Poland and Alsace Lorraine returned to France
Ottoman Empire becomes Turkey

9. Have students come up to the smart board and outline the Austria-Hungary Empire before WWI, then outline the empire afterward. They will use different colors to signify all the different countries formed from the old empire. Do this for the Russian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and Germany

10. Legacy of the Treaty of Versailles
German citizens feel bitter
Colonies feel cheated, spurs independence movements
Italy and Japan gained less territory than they desired
USA did not support League of Nations
Treaty was “built on quicksand”

11. League of Nations Body created to ensure peace 40 nations joined
Countries negotiate rather than declare war
40 nations joined
US Senate does not ratify the treaty
USA does not join the League
League losses power and authority
First step toward international peace organization

14. Legacy of WWI
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15. 1915
1916
1917
1914
Battle of the Somme
Battle of Gallipoli
Spark: June 28,1914 Assassination of Archduke
First Battle of the Marne
Russian Revolution
Great Britain
France
Russia
Italy
Germany
United States
May 7, 1915 Lusitania
Austria-Hungary
Battle of Tannenburg
Battle of Verdun
1918
1920
1922
1919
1921
1923
Treaty of Versailles signed
Treaty of Brest-Livtosk
Russian Civil War Ends
Ottomans Surrender
Armistice Signed
World War I