Texas Census 2010 Population and Population Changes over the Decade House Committee on Redistricting March 1, 2011 Austin, TX Lloyd Potter is the Texas State Demographer and the Director of the Texas State Data Center based at the University of Texas at San Antonio.

Growing States, 2000-2010 United States 281,424,602 308,745,538 Population* 2010 Population Numerical Change 2000-2010 Percent United States 281,424,602 308,745,538 27,323,632 9.7% Texas 20,851,820 25,145,561 4,293,741 20.6% California 33,871,648 37,253,956 3,382,308 10.0% Florida 15,982,378 18,801,310 2,818,932 17.6% Georgia 8,186,453 9,687,653 1,501,200 18.3% North Carolina 8,049,313 9,535,483 1,486,170 18.5% Arizona 5,130,632 6,392,017 1,261,385 24.6% Virginia 7,078,515 8,001,024 922,509 13.0% Washington 5,894,121 6,724,540 830,419 14.1% Colorado 4,301,261 5,029,196 727,935 16.9% Nevada 1,998,257 2,700,551 702,294 35.1% Tennessee 5,689,283 6,346,105 656,822 11.5% Texas is the second largest state in terms of population (2nd to CA) and area (2nd to AK). In terms of number of people, Texas’ growth exceeds that of all other states between 2000 and 2010.

Total Population by County, 2010 The counties of Harris, Bexar, Dallas, Tarrant, and Travis are the most populated in the State. Collin, Denton, Fort Bend, Hidalgo, and El Paso counties also have significant population concentrations. Many counties west of Interstate 35 are more sparsely populated. Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2010 Census Counts

Change of the Total Population by County, 2000 to 2010 175 counties gained population while 79 lost population over the decade. Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2000 and 2010 Census Counts

Percent Change of Total Population in Texas Counties, 2000-2010 Population increase for Texas was 20.6% during this period This map demonstrates the percent change in population over a ten year period. Percent change is one indicator of the speed of population change but is not always an indicator of the absolute change in numbers. For example, county A with 100 people added 100 people, and has a 100% increase. Meanwhile county B with 1,000 people added 100 people and has a 10% increase. County A is growing at a more rapid rate than county B, but in terms of total numbers, they grew by the same amount. The State of Texas grew by 20.6% between 2000 and 2010. Source: U.S. Census Bureau. 2000 and 2010 Census Counts

Total Population and Components of Population Change in Texas, 1950-2009 Percent Change Due to Year* Population Numerical Change Natural Increase Net Migration Percent 1950 7,711,194 -- 1960 9,579,677 1,868,483 1,754,652 113,831 24.2 93.91 6.09 1970 11,196,730 1,617,053 1,402,683 214,370 16.9 86.74 13.26 1980 14,229,191 3,032,461 1,260,794 1,771,667 27.1 41.58 58.42 1990 16,986,510 2,757,319 1,815,670 941,649 19.9 65.85 34.15 2000 20,851,820 3,865,310 1,919,281 1,946,029 22.8 49.65 50.35 2009 24,782,302 3,930,484 2,124,124 1,781,785 18.8 54.04 45.33 * All values for the decennial dates are for the indicated census year. Values for 2009 are for July 1 as estimated by the U.S. Bureau of the Census. Source: Derived from U.S. Bureau of the Census Estimates for dates indicated by the Texas State Data Center, University of Texas at San Antonio. Note: Residual values are not presented in this table. The components of change include natural increase (births-deaths) and net migration (in-out migration). In recent years, natural increase and net migration have contributed almost equally to Texas’ growth. Natural increase is much more predictable and stable than net migration. Net migration tends to fluctuate with economic factors.

Estimated Number and Percent of Migrants to Texas between 2000 and 2009 by Race and Ethnicity   White Hispanic Black Other Total Net domestic migration Number of migrants 371,150 238,866 195,024 43,663 848,702 Percent of Row Total 44% 28% 23% 5% International migration 224,820 469,591 73,140 165,532 933,083 24% 50% 8% 18% 595,970 708,457 268,163 209,195 1,781,785 33% 40% 15% 12%  52% of all migrants were international This table presents the estimated number and percent of migrants to Texas between 2000 and 2009 by race/ethnicity and type of migrant (domestic and international). The majority of domestic migrants to Texas were non-Hispanic Anglo (White), followed by persons of Hispanic descent and non-Hispanic African Americans (Blacks). Persons of Hispanic descent made up about half of all international migrants to Texas during this period, followed by non-Hispanic Anglo persons. More than half of the population change attributable to migration in Texas over this period is attributable to international migration. One-third (1/3) of the population growth attributable to all migration over this period was from non-Hispanic Anglo persons and the balance (2/3) was from persons of Hispanic, African American, and Other (non-Anglo) descent. 67% of all migrants Sources: Percentages of domestic and international migrants by race and ethnicity derived from the 2006-2008 American Community Survey. Total numbers of domestic and international migrants between 2000-2009 are from Table 4. Cumulative Estimates of the Components of Resident Population Change for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2009, U.S. Census Bureau

States with Largest Unauthorized Immigrant Populations, 2010 Estimate (thousands) Range California 2,550 (2,350 - 2,750) Texas 1,650 (1,450 - 1,850) Florida 825 (725 - 950) New York 625 (525 - 725) New Jersey 550 (425 - 650) Illinois 525 (425 - 625) Georgia 425 (300 - 550) Arizona 400 (275 - 500) Texas has an estimated 1.65 million unauthorized immigrants. If unauthorized migrants were counted in the Census, this is about 6.5% of the total population. Sources: Pew Hispanic Center estimates based on residual methodology applied to March Supplements to the Current Population Survey (February 1, 2011)

Percent of Total Population that are Non-Citizens in Texas Counties, 2005-2009 It is estimated that more 20% of their populations in Hudspeth, Presidio, Maverick, Zapata, Starr, Hidalgo, Concho, and Garza counties were non-citizerns. The percent of the population who are non-citizens in counties of El Paso, Webb, Harris, Dallas, Reagan, Parmer, and Ochiltree are estimated to be between 15 and 20 percent of the population. Source: U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year Sample 2005-2009.

Texas Racial and Ethnic Composition, As of the 2000 Census, about 53% of Texas’ population was non-Hispanic Anglo, about 32% where of Hispanic descent, about 11% where non-Hispanic African American, and about 4% were non-Hispanic Other. In 2010, it is estimated that about 45% of the Texas population was non-Hispanic Anglo, 38% of Hispanic descent, 11% were non-Hispanic African American, and about 6% were non-Hispanic Other (largely of Asian descent). Source: U.S. Census Bureau. 2000 and 2010 Census count

Percent of the Population that is non-Hispanic Anglo and Hispanic by County, 2010 In examining racial and ethnic geographic distribution, these maps demonstrate the percent of the population of each county that is Anglo (on the left) and Hispanic (on the right). Most counties in the State are at least 50% Anglo. Counties on the southern border and far west Texas tend to have populations that are less than 50% Anglo and these tend to be more than 50% Hispanic. Few counties have less than 10% of their population composed of persons of Hispanic descent. Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2010 Census Counts

Non-Hispanic Anglo Population by County, 2010 The non-Hispanic Anglo population is concentrate in the five urban counties of Harris, Bexar, Dallas, Tarrant, and Travis. The counties surrounding these urban centers also hold concentrations of this popualtion. Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2010 Census Counts

Hispanic Population by County, 2010 The Hispanic population of Texas is most concentrated in Harris, Dallas, Bexar, Hidalgo, and El Paso counties. With the exception of El Paso, the surrounding counties of these Hispanic concentrated counties have significant Hispanic populations. Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2010 Census Counts

Non-Hispanic Black Population by County, 2010 The African American population in Texas is most concentrated in Dallas and Harris counties and to a lessor extent in the surrounding counties. A significant African American population also resides in Bexar count. Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2010 Census Counts

Non-Hispanic Asian Population by County, 2010 The Asian popualtion in Texas is most concentrated in Dallas and Harris counties and then to a lessor degree in surrounding counties. Travis, Bexar, and Williamson counties also have sizable Asian communities. Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2010 Census Counts

Change of the non-Hispanic Anglo Population by County, 2000 to 2010 161 counties lost non-Hispanic Anglo population over the decade while 92 counties gained non-Hispanic Anglo population. Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2000 and 2010 Census Counts

Change of the Hispanic Population by County, 2000 to 2010 232 counties gained Latino population while only 22 lost Latino population. Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2000 and 2010 Census Counts

Change of the non-Hispanic Black Population by County, 2000 to 2010 117 counties gained African American population while 133 lost African American population. Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2000 and 2010 Census Counts

Change of the non-Hispanic Asian Population by County, 2000 to 2010 204 counties gained in Asian population while only 38 lost Asian population over the decade (12 remained unchanged). Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2000 and 2010 Census Counts

Contact Lloyd Potter, Ph.D. Office: (210) 458-6530 Email: Lloyd.Potter@osd.state.tx.us Internet: osd.state.tx.us Lloyd Potter, Ph.D. The Office of the State Demographer and the Texas State Data Center are committed to supporting your work through providing you with the best, most accurate, and objective information we can identify about our greatest asset, the people of Texas.