Homework H.W. #5 due tomorrow. Current Events article due Thursday, October 6. Test on Ancient Middle East civilizations Friday, October 7.

Egypt: Mesopotamia: Nile River (predictability of the flooding) → Natural Boundaries → View of the Gods → How will these factors influence their ultimate world view → Mesopotamia: Tigris/Euphrates Rivers (predictability of the flooding)→ Natural Boundaries → View of the Gods → How will these factors influence their ultimate world view →

Aim #6: How did the history and technology of Ancient Egypt develop? September 28, 2016

I. Periods in Egyptian History A. In 3100 B.C., King Narmer unites Upper and Lower Egypt into one kingdom. Creates the first dynasty. B. Three major periods in Egyptian history: Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, New Kingdom King Narmer

I. Periods in Egyptian History The Old Kingdom (2700 B.C.-2200 B.C.) Establishment of a theocracy: Rule based on religious authority Pharaoh ↓ Vizier Provincial governors - Building of the great Pyramids and statues occurs now. Ex: The Great Pyramid at Giza (built by King Khufu) The Great Sphinx

I. Periods in Egyptian History B. The Middle Kingdom (2050 B.C.-1652 B.C.): Egypt conquers Nubia, trade expands, pharaoh starts to be seen as the shepherd of his people. C. The New Kingdom (1567 B.C.-1085 B.C.): Egypt becomes richer and stronger. Leaders include: Queen Hatshepsut: Sent Egyptian traders to Punt in eastern Africa. King Thutmose III: Expands Egyptian control into Syria and Palestine, establishes an empire.

II. Egyptian Writing A. Hieroglyphics: Ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent sounds and ideas The Letter M Symbol for Man

II. Egyptian Writing B. Hieroglyphics were first recorded on stone and clay, later on reeds called papyrus (world’s first paper-like material). Scribes would record the writing. C. Rosetta Stone: Found in 1799, contained hieroglyphic writing translated into Greek, used to decipher Egyptian writing.

III. Other Technological Developments First 365-day calendar (ten days in a week, three weeks in a month, four months in a season) Sundial to tell time Early brain surgery Invented breath mints, bowling, and toothpaste.

Concluding Question Which of Egypt’s technological achievements had the greatest impact on global history, and why?