Cell energy test review

What is the original source of energy for all living things? The sun

What is the pigment that is the most dominant is plants? Chlorophyll

Why is Chlorophyll Green? It reflects the wavelength for green and absorbs all of the other colored wavelengths

Gases can enter and exit a leaf through what opening?

What part of the leaf allows the stomata to open and close?

What part of the leaf contains the most chloroplasts and is responsible for the most photosynthesis production? Palisade Mesophyll

What happens to ATP when it turns into ADP? ATP loses a Phosphate

How does the ATP cycle get regenerated? (What do you have to do)

What is the purpose of photosynthesis? To turn solar energy from the sun into chemical energy for us to use (glucose/ATP)

What is the formula for photosynthesis? 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H1206 + 6O2

What are the two reaction stages that occur during Photosynthesis? Light reactions and Calvin Cycle

What part of the Chloroplast does the light reactions occur? Thylakoid

What are the three products that are made during the light reactions What are the three products that are made during the light reactions? Which two of those products head to the Calvin Cycle? ATP and NADPH head to the Calvin cycle the other product formed in Oxygen

What part of the Chloroplast does the Calvin Cycle Occur? Stroma

What is the important product made at the end of the Calvin Cycle? Glucose

How many times does the Calvin cycle have to turn in order to make Glucose?

What gas would you be collecting if you collected a gas being given off of a plant in bright sunlight? Oxygen ( gas product made during photosynthesis )

Write the formula for cellular respiration: C6H1206 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O

What are the three reaction stages that occur during cell respiration and what order do they occur in? Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain

What part of the cell does glycolysis occur? Cytoplasm

What are the 3 products made during glycolysis when glucose gets split? Pyruvic Acid, ATP, NADH

Which of those three products travels to the ETC? NADH

How many ATP are made during glycolysis?

Where does the Krebs Cycle take place in the Mitochondria? Matrix

What does the Pyruvic Acid turn into before it enters the cycle? Acetyl CoA

What are the 4 products made during the Krebs Cycle? CO2, NADH, FADH2, ATP

How many times does the Krebs Cycle have to cycle in order to break down all of the Pyruvic Acid?

Where does the electron transport take place on the mitochondria? Inner Membrane

What is the final electron acceptor for electrons that are done being used in the electron transport chain? What product do they help make? Oxygen takes the electrons and forms water

What are the two electron carriers used during Cell Respiration What are the two electron carriers used during Cell Respiration? These two carriers transport electrons to the electron transport chain NADH (NAD+) and FADH2 (FAD)

Each FADH2 makes _____ ATP and each NADH makes _____ ATP FADH2 = 2 ATP and NADH = 3 ATP

In which stage of cellular respiration is the most ATP made In which stage of cellular respiration is the most ATP made? How much ATP is made there? Electron Transport Chain (34 total)

What type of respiration is used when the conditions are ANAEROBIC? Fermentation

What do muscle cells produce when they are exercised excessively in the absence of oxygen? Lactic Acid (they undergo lactic acid fermentation, “sprinting” )

What do you produce during Fermentation that goes back to glycolysis and allows the process to start again? NAD+

What is the product made during Alcoholic Fermentation? Ethyl Alcohol

Final Wager Question: What is the only reaction stage we talked about that happens in all cells? Glycolysis