A New National Identity Chapter 8 A New National Identity

Foreign Policy *James Monroe becomes the 5th president, in 1816. *After War of 1812, much land was disputed over. *Both the US and British Canada wanted to keep their fishing rights on the Great Lakes. *Rush-Bagot Agreement-limited naval power on the Great Lakes for both the US and British Canada *Convention of 1818-set the border between the US and Canada at 49 degrees N latitude as far west as the Rocky Mountains

Florida President Monroe tried to settle the border dispute with Spain by sending Andrew Jackson to secure the US-Florida border. Conflict with the Seminole broke out. Seminoles were known to raid US settlements and help runaway slaves. April, 1818, Jackson troops invaded Florida to capture Seminole raiders-started the First Seminole war. Jackson overthrew the governor of Florida. Adams-Onis Treaty-settled all border disputes between Spain and US

Early 1820s, Spanish colonies in the Americas had declared their independence Mexico broke free in 1821 and this worried President Monroe. He feared that rival European countries might try to take control Monroe Doctrine-exclusive statement of American policy warning European powers not to interfere with the Americas.

Nationalism and Sectionalism Section 2 Successful negotiations with foreign powers left Americans with a rising sense of Nationalism-a feeling of pride and loyalty to a nation. Henry Clay believed that a strong national economy would promote national feeling and reduce regional conflicts. American System-a series of measures intended to make the US economically self-sufficient. National Bank with single currency Money from a protective tariff to improve roads

Cumberland Road first road built by the federal government-it connected Maryland to Virginia. 1815-1825 Era of Good Feelings -an era of peace, pride, and progress.

The Erie Canal Made water transportation easier. Ran from Albany to Buffalo, New York. Connected New York Harbor and the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes and the west. Dug entirely by hand Trade boomed, cities grew, opened the mid-West to farming and settlement.

Cost: About $7million Length: 363 miles Width: 40 feet Depth: 4 feet Total number of locks: 83

Missouri Compromise Sectionalism, disagreements between the different regions (North and South) threatened the Union. Missouri Compromise -settled the conflict of Missouri becoming a state Missouri would enter as a slave state Maine would join as a free state Slavery would be prohibited in any new territories or states formed north of 36 30’latitude

Election of 1824 Andrew Jackson vs. John Quincy Adams Jackson won the most popular votes, but not enough electoral votes House of Representatives chose John Q. Adams-accusations that Adams made a bargain with Henry Clay Clay chosen as Secretary of State

Jackson Quincy Adams Controversy weakened support

American Culture Until the early 1800s, Americans took most of their cultural ideas from Europe and Great Britain. But as American politics and the economy developed, so did a new national culture. Writers and artists were inspired by American history and the American landscape.

American Writers Washington Irving-Author of American history. Rip Van Winkle The Legend of Sleepy Hollow James Fenimore Cooper-wrote about American frontier The Spy The Pioneers Last of the Mohicans

Art American Landscapes Hudson River School George Caleb Bingham

Architecture and Education Religion and Music Church Revivals Hymns-Spirituals Architecture and Education Greek and Roman styles State funded public schools 1837, Massachusetts created a state board of education