El Subjuntivo No es tan complicado…
Further Explanation In general, the subjunctive is a verb mood that is used to express an action or state of being in the context of the speaker's reaction to it. Most commonly (although not always), the subjunctive verb is used in a clause that starts with the relative pronoun que (meaning "which," "that" or "who"). Frequently, the sentences that contain a subjunctive verb are used to express doubt, uncertainty, denial, desire, commands or reactions to the clause containing the subjunctive verb.
El Subjuntivo No es tan complicado…
En Español The subjuntivo is not a tense; rather, it is a mood. Tense refers to when an action takes place (past, present, future), while mood merely reflects how the speaker feels about the action. The subjunctive mood is rarely used in English, but it is widely used in Spanish.
Indicativo = Normal No influence Straight forward Business-like… No emotion Just the facts, ma’am.
Subjuntivo = Hippie Dude Hypothetical… Emotional… Doubting… Philosophizing… Unsure… Desire… In Denial… Not based in reality…
Verb Endings Singular Plural 1st Person e emos 2nd Person es éis 3rd Person en AR ER IR Singular Plural 1st Person a amos 2nd Person as áis 3rd Person an
Formula for when subjunctive is used -> S1 + V1 + QUE + S2 + V2 1st VERB 1st SUBJECT 2nd Subject 2nd VERB This VERB has to TRIGGER the subjunctive. It must denote emotion, denial, uncertainty, volition, influence, desire, etc. These must be different. This verb will be in the subjunctive.
How to form: Conjugate to the present tense first person singular form. (ex. hablar hablo) Drop the o (hablo habl) Add the opposite ending (habl hable, hables, hable, hablemos, habléis, hablen)
Verb Endings Singular Plural 1st Person e emos 2nd Person es éis 3rd Person en AR ER IR Singular Plural 1st Person a amos 2nd Person as áis 3rd Person an
Many common expressions introduce subjunctive clauses: Es una pena que... "It is a shame that..." Quiero que... "I want..." Ojalá... "I hope..." Es importante que... "It is important that..." Me alegro de que... "I am happy that..." Es bueno que... "It is good that..." Es necesario que... "It is necessary that..." Dudo que... "I doubt that..."
Irregulares SER Singular Plural 1st Person sea seamos 2nd Person seas seáis 3rd Person sean ESTAR Singular Plural 1st Person esté estemos 2nd Person estés estéis 3rd Person estén
Más Irregulares IR Singular Plural 1st Person vaya vayamos 2nd Person vayas vayáis 3rd Person vayan HABER Singular Plural 1st Person haya hayamos 2nd Person hayas hayáis 3rd Person hayan
…Más Irregulares SABER Singular Plural 1st Person sepa sepamos 2nd Person sepas sepáis 3rd Person sepan DAR Singular Plural 1st Person dé demos 2nd Person des déis 3rd Person den
-CAR / -GAR / -ZAR These verbs change spelling to preserve vowel sound. TOCAR Singular Plural 1st Person toque toquemos 2nd Person toques toquéis 3rd Person toquen JUGAR Singular Plural 1st Person jugue juguemos 2nd Person jugues juguéis 3rd Person juguen CRUZAR Singular Plural 1st Person cruce crucemos 2nd Person cruces crucéis 3rd Person crucen
Indicativo = Normal No influence Straight forward Business-like… No emotion Just the facts, ma’am.
Subjuntivo = Hippie Dude Hypothetical… Emotional… Philosophizing… Under the influence… Doubting… Unsure… Desire… In Denial… Not based in reality…
Influence verbs (require the subjunctive) } Querer Recomendar Insistir en Sugerir Preferir Pedir Mandar Es necesario Prohibir Es urgente Permitir Es importante Desear Es mejor + que + subjunctive Sugiero que hables con tus padres.
Emotion verbs (require the subjunctive) Alegrarse de Es mejor Esperar Es bueno Sentir Es malo Temer Es ridículo Tener miedo de Es terrible Me gusta Es una lástima Te molesta Es urgente Le sorprende ¡Qué extraño Es extraño ¡Qué lástima Es increible } + que + subjunctive Me alegro de que vayas a estudiar en México.
Doubt & denial verbs (require the subjunctive) } No creer Es probable Dudar No es probable Negar Es improbable No es cierto No es improbable No es seguro No estar seguro/a (de) No es verdad Es posible No es posible + que + subjunctive Dudo que hayas estudiado para el examen.
Videos that Explain Usage http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qlJxXPtv0cE&feature= related (Formation - Irregulars) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rTTcm9OAcDo&featur e=related (Influence) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EOsgpBgQDiA&featur e=related (Emotion) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sjLJgCkRkjM&feature =related (Doubt and Denial)
Gracias!