Warm Up: Do you think that homosexual people should have the right to marry?

Chapters 18 and 20

Civil Rights Tactics based on those use by Mohandes Gandhi Non-Violence Use of non-violence exposed injustice, force change

Civil Rights Strategies Sit-ins- people began ordering an segregated restaurants and refusing to leave Freedom Rides - African American bus riders would go to white only facilities in bus routes through out the south Integration – African American students would attend white only schools Boycotts Marches Voter Registration

Major Civil Rights Reforms Brown vs. Board of Education 1954 Ruled that schools could no longer be segregated Overturned Plessy Vs. Ferguson Civil Rights Act of 1957 Gave federal government authority to enforce civil rights laws 24 th Amendment 1962 Banned poll tax

Major Civil Rights Reforms Civil Rights Act of 1964 Banned discrimination in employment Banned discrimination in public accommodations Voting Rights Act of 1965 Literacy tests, and other such requirements that were used to restrict black voting are made illegal. Civil Rights Act of 1968 (Fair Housing Act) Banned discrimination in the sale or renting of housing

Did the Civil Rights Movement create equality for African Americans?

Equal Rights Movements Poor People’s Campaign 1968 Organized following the assassination of MLK Focus on poor instead of African Americans Lacked leadership Congress linked movement to Communism Decline of the Civil Rights movement

Problems de jure segregation – segregation by law de facto segregation - segregation that occurs through customs and practice

Results of the Civil Rights Movement Bussing – campaign to integrate schools. Students transported from their neighborhoods to other parts of the city Led to violent protest across the country Mass movement of whites to the suburbs

Results of the Civil Rights Movement Affirmative Action Preference to minority and women in hiring and college admission

Equal Rights Movements In addition to the Civil Rights movement Feminist Movement Betty Freidan- The Feminine Mystique described lack of fulfillment in women's life NOW- National organization for Women – Equal job and education opportunity, – Equal pay Title IX Prohibits gender discrimination in all areas of higher education, including athletics

Equal Rights Movements Migrant Farm Workers Low wages, no job contracts UFW- United Farm Workers, founded by Cesar Chavez and Delores Huerta Strikes and Boycotts Today UFW workers enjoy better pay, medical benefits and paid vacations

Equal Rights Native Americans Faced poverty, reservations lacked good schools, transportation and jobs Many had poor soil for farming

Equal Rights Native Americans AIM- American Indian Movement in 1968 Won more control of their reservations Wanted government to return land that had been taken unfairly In Maine, government paid $25 billion for land that was unfairly taken

Chapter 21 A Search for Order

Nixon Years Elected President in 1968 Wanted to improve relations with China 1971, US Ping Pong Team -First Americans given official sanction to enter China since Communist revolution 1972, first President to visit China

Nixon Years Wanted to improve relations with Soviet Union 1972, first President to visit Soviet Union Worked for policy of détente- peaceful relations with Soviet Union

Nixon Years 1973 Energy Crisis War in the Middle East: Syria and Egypt attacked Israel U.S. supported Israel Oil Producing and Exporting Countries (OPEC) started an oil embargo against U.S.

Economy and Energy Price of oil quadrupled in the U.S. Embargo led to oil shortages in the U.S. Rising energy cost led to inflation Wealth flowed from the U.S. to the Middle East

Nixon Years Watergate Scandal During Presidential election campaign in men broke into Democratic head quarters in the Watergate building in D.C. Several people who worked for Nixon tried to cover up what happened During investigation it was found Nixon recorded conversations in his office

Nixon Years Watergate Scandal Congress asked to listen to tapes Nixon refused, claimed executive privilege Supreme Court ordered Nixon to give up tapes Watergate tapes proved Nixon had helped plan the cover up Nixon had lied to Congress, courts and American people House of Representatives prepared to impeach Nixon

What does it mean when a president is impeached?

What happens after a President is impeached?

Nixon Years Watergate Scandal To avoid impeachment Nixon resigned 8/9/1974, VP Gerald Ford became President Ford was appointed VP after Spiro R. Agnew resigned Ford was the only President who was not elected

Have any presidents been impeached?

Nixon Years President Ford pardoned, or forgave, Nixon of any crimes Many people were outraged, thought Nixon should be punished Ford was defeated by Jimmy Carter in election of 1976

Jimmy Carter Address energy problems Established the Department of Energy Encouraged conservation Cars with better fuel economy National Speed Limit 55 MPH Development of alternative energy Goal to reduce dependence on foreign oil

Jimmy Carter Address Environmental Concerns Alaska National Interest Land Conservation Act Protected 100 million acres of land Doubled the size of the national park & wildlife refuge system

Jimmy Carter Address Energy Concerns Three Mile Island (1979) Mishap at nuclear power plant Terrified Americans Concern of safety of nuclear power

Jimmy Carter Human Rights Promotion of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Panama Canal Agreed to relinquish U.S. control of canal in 1999 China Formally recognized Communist China

Read: The Reagan Years Answer Questions on a separate sheet of paper