DO NOW!!! What makes a country a superpower? Explain the different political and economic philosophies of the US and USSR Why would it be a particularly.

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DO NOW!!! What makes a country a superpower? Explain the different political and economic philosophies of the US and USSR Why would it be a particularly terrible war if the US and Soviet Union fought?

The Cold War Early Years

2 superpowers emerge after WWII—what 2 countries are they? Can project power on a worldwide scale Influence world events and other states Alliance between Soviets and Americans quickly collapses after WWII Fight over Europe and nuclear proliferation for the next 40 years or so Cold War-Competition for global power and influence What specifically is this going to involve?

Origins Waged more on political and economic fronts than on the battle field Opposing ideology United States—Classical Liberalism, Capitalism, democracy Soviet Union—Communism-also includes totalitarian one-party rule, suppression of religion (atheism), and use of force to destroy competition After WWII Stalin continues to take territory around the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) Wanted a buffer zone of friendly nations—was this a wise strategy? Satellite Nations—“Iron Curtain had descended across the Continent” (Churchill) Containment—restricting the spread of communism

Iron Curtain

Questions: What are some reasons that the United States and Soviet Union had a tense relationship? Describe a time when those tensions nearly reached a boiling point.

Nuclear Proliferation US physicists working on stronger nuclear weapons Soviets test their first bomb in 1949 Atomic Energy Agency created to promote peaceful use of nuclear technology (1946)

Containment Truman Doctrine—“It must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures” In other words—the US should fight communism/dictatorship/anti-US ideals in other countries 1947 congress approves $ 400 million in aid to Greece and Turkey US helps pro western factions

Marshall Plan George C. Marshall (Sec. of State/Defense- 1950) believes US should aid war torn Europe to prevent communist takeover and promote democracy Was this a wise strategy? Why Gets congress to give $ 17 Billion for Europe in spite of heated debate—wins noble peace prize for this

Berlin Air Lift Non-Soviet areas of Europe recover economically due to US assistance Soviets block all roads, railways, and waterways to Berlin in 1948 US and British planes carry supplies to West Berlin for 10 months 20n 20n

NATO vs Warsaw Pact

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