Block Oct. 26/27 th, 2011 Bell Work 1.Panama was a province of which country in 1903? (pg.387) 2.Which country controlled Cuba in 1868? (pg ) 3.Who was the President of the U.S. in 1904? (pg.387)

Review Japan Isolated Tokugawa Shogun/ Samurai Limited Trade U.S. Forces trade/ Treaty of Kanagawa Meiji Reform and Modernization Sino-Japanese War Russo-Japanese War Treaty of Portsmouth Japan Attacks Korea

Objectives How did Latin Americas colonial legacy shape its history? How did foreign powers influence Latin American economies? What were the effects of the Monroe Doctrine and the Roosevelt Corollary?

California State Standard 10:4:1 Describe the rise of industrial economies and their link to imperialism and colonialism (e.g., the role played by national security and strategic advantage; moral issues raised by the search for national hegemony, Social Darwinism, and the missionary impulse; material issues such as land, resources, and technology).

US Economic Imperialism Unit 6 Chapter 12 Lesson 3 Pgs Main Idea: The U.S. puts “economic” and political pressure on Latin America during the 19 th century (1800’s) Why it matters: U.S. policy sets stage for relations with Latin America during 20 th and 21 st centuries.

Latin American Independence 1800’s –Europeans forced out of Latin America –Political Independence means very little Poverty Vouchers (passed down from generation to generation) - System to pay off debt known as (Peonage)= Free Labor

Latin America After Independence 1800’s Caudillos: Military dictators that rose to power while fighting for independence Remain in power because they are backed by military Juan Vicente Gomez Ruled Venezuela from

Caudillo’s take over land owned by natives and the Catholic Church - Sell land to highest bidder for profit –Wealthy acquire most of the land Unequal distribution prevents social and econ. development –Rich get richer, poor remain poorer –Wealthy land owners back Caudillo’s Why? Agriculture distribution in S. America

Caudillos Juan Vincente Gomez- “All of Venezuela is my cattle ranch.” Francisco Solano Lopez “ Only by war could the attention and respect of the world be secured to Paraguay”: Attacked Brazil & Argentina ( over half of the countries Population were killed)

Economy based on cash crops/exports –Coffee beans, fruit, beef, vegetables –New technologies increase exports Steamship, Railroads **Refrigeration** –Perishables could now travel long distances without spoiling –Manufactured goods come from U.S. and Europe. **No reason to develop manufacturing industry** Coffee plantation workers in Brazil.

Outside Investment and Interference Export profits go to wealthy. - Little public works or social services set up (what are conditions like w/o these essentials?) Self Sufficiency? -Wealthy borrowed money with high interest rates: Germany, France, U.S., and Britain -Wealthy unable to repay: Money collected by force or Businesses taken over

A Latin American Empire U.S. well aware that their security depended on security of Latin America 1823 –Out of fear that Euro’s might try to re-establish colonies US issues Monroe Doctrine: America’s are not to be considered subject of future Euro colonies –1898 Justifies Spanish American War »Cuba becomes independent state in name

Roosevelt Corollary: –Extension of Monroe Doctrine –To protect economic interests: US becomes international police power. **Used to intervene in Latin America** –Grenada (1983) –Panama (1989) Panama Grenada

Central America Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean The Need for a Canal If the US could build a canal that connected the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, it would shorten the boating distance between San Francisco and NY by 9,000 miles. SF NY

Panama Canal 1880’s –French try to build a canal but fail 1903 –Panama is a province of Colombia Roosevelt offers 10 million to Colombia for the right to build a canal Colombians demand more $$ U.S. responds by encouraging a revolution in Panama –U.S. provides help from the U.S. Navy –U.S. given 10 mile stretch to build canal Location of Panama Canal

1914 : –Panama Canal opens Thousand of workers die from disease during its construction Built at a cost of $380 million A trip from San Francisco to NY is 9,000 miles shorter Panama took control of canal in 2000 Gatun Locks, Panama Canal

Canal Lock System Eventually ships are built to fit in the canal

Objective Review How did Latin Americas colonial legacy shape its history? How did foreign powers influence Latin American economies? What were the effects of the Monroe Doctrine and the Roosevelt Corollary?

Group Review Test Get into groups of 2 Turn to page 366 in your book. Answer Questions 1-18: Critical Thinking 1-3 You may use your book or notes on this test Get out one blank sheet of paper For those of you eligible to get out for SOAR. This is your Ticket out.

Answer the following questions in a paragraph. 1.Who is the man in the picture? 2.What is this cartoon trying to say?

Which event do you think was most beneficial to Latin America? 1 Paragraph *Monroe Doctrine *Panamanian Rebellion *Panama Canal Opened- 1914