1. U.S. Economic Imperialism & Mexico Chapter 28: Section 3 Chapter 28: Section 4

2. Colonial Legacy & Political Instability Peonage System: –Keeps peasants in debt; landowners wealthy Caudillos: military dictators –Rule most of Latin America – mid 1800s –Reformers gain office but forced out –Wealthy landowners support caudillos –Poor people have few rights.

3. Outside Interference Little money used for internal improvements. Borrowed money at high rates to help export industries. Loans not repaid: –Collect by force –Take over facilities –Control over Latin American industries –Economic Colonialism

4. Monroe Doctrine U.S. needed to protect own borders. Newly independent Latin American countries are insecure. PRESIDENT MONROE: –“The American continents…are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization.”

5. Spanish-American War Jose Marti: Cuban writer –leader of Cuban independence –U.S. fights to help Cuba 2 front war: Cuba & Philippines Spain can not handle the fronts –1901: Cuba independent (only in name) –Spain gives up: Guam, Puerto Rico & the Philippines

6. Connecting Oceans Panama Canal –Theodore Roosevelt Idea to build canal across Panama Panama is province of Colombia –$10 million offer rejected by Colombia –Panama gains independence from Colombia U.S. helps in revolution Panama gives land to U.S. for canal

7. Roosevelt Corollary Protecting U.S. investments U.S. becomes international police force of the Western Hemisphere. U.S. uses it many times to intervene into Latin American affairs.

8. Chapter 28 Section 4: Mexico Identify problems that affected Mexico. –Charting problems and the people affected by them. –What was the end result?

9. de Santa Anna & Juarez Leader of Mexico Problem: - U.S. settlers wanting independence People Involved: –Mexicans, Texans & Americans Outcome: –Defeated & ousted from power La Reforma Problem: –Against government of Santa Anna People Involved: –Peasants, Catholic Church & landowners Outcome: –Sent into exile

10. Diaz & Madero Leadership “Order & Progress” People Involved: –Peasants, landowners & businessmen Outcome: –Wealthy got more land –Farmers were poorer. The Revolution: –Madero led the revolution in exile. Leaders of Revolution: –“Pancho” Villa –Emiliano Zapata Outcome: –Diaz was forced to step down – Madero elected president

11. Imperialism in Southeast Asia Chapter 27: Section 5

12. Pacific Rim Lands that border the Pacific Ocean –Dutch –British –French –Germans All claim parts of the Pacific Rim

13. The Philippines U.S. gain after Spanish-American War Emilio Aguinaldo: –Filipino Nationalist leader –Revolts against U.S. rule –U.S. defeats after 3 years of war Prepare for self-rule Cash crop

14. Hawaii: U.S. Imperialism in the Pacific Islands Sugar cane plantations Mid- 1800s 75% of Hawaii’s wealth comes from sugar accounts U.S. pushes for annexation

15. QUEEN LILIUOKALANI Restore power of the throne; reduce that of the wealthy land owners. More political power given to the people of Hawaii.

16. QUEEN LILIUOKALANI American businessmen have her removed from power. U.S. annexes Republic of Hawaii (1898)