Thursday October 23, 2014 Mr. Goblirsch – U.S. History OBJECTIVE – Students Will Be Able To – SWBAT: Analyze primary documents relating to the Homestead Steel Strike of 1892. AGENDA: WARM-UP: Union Membership Graph GUIDED PRACTICE: Analyzing Primary Sources INDEPENDENT PRACTICE: Strikes Chart *****TURN IN ON FRONT TABLE: Inventions Advertisement Poster Union Membership Graph WARM-UP: (Follow the directions below) ***5 Minutes*** Analyze the graph on P. 247. Answer the questions below. Which Unions membership increased significantly from 1886 to 1904? What impact did the Haymarket and Pullman strikes have on the Knights of Labor and ARU unions?

GUIDING QUESTIONS How are Goldman and Frick’s claims about the Homestead strike different? Whose claim is more believable? Why did the Homestead Strike turn violent? Do you think we can ever know what really happened?

Not a strike, but who was involved: Strike / Event Name Year Who went on strike & Why What happened? How did it end? Great Strike Of 1877 Haymarket Affair Homestead Strike Pullman NOT A STRIKE: Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Not a strike, but who was involved:

Strikes Turn Violent The Great Strike of 1877 B&O RxR Workers Protest Wage Cuts Strike Impeded Interstate Commerce Violence Erupts---Fed Troops End the Strike

Chicago’s Haymarket Square Riot 1886 Workers Protesting Police Brutality Violence Erupts (Bomb Thrown at Police) The Public Turns Against Labor Movement

Homestead Strike 1892 (Pennsylvania) Carnegie Steel Workers Strike over pay cuts Pinkerton Guards Hired to Keep Plant Open Strikers Keep Plant Closed National Guard Reopens Plant Took 45 yrs for Steel Workers to Mobilize Again

Pullman Company Strike 1894 Workers Laid off or Wages Cut Strike Stopped the Mail from going West Violence Erupts-Fed Troops End Strike Strikers Fired & Blacklisted Could Never Work RxR Job Again

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire 146 Women Die in the Fire No Fire escapes Ladders Too Short Windows & Doors Locked Public Becomes Outraged Led to Improvements in Garment Industry

Not a strike, but who was involved: Strike / Event Name Year Who went on strike & Why What happened Great Strike Of 1877 Haymarket Affair Homestead Strike Pullman Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Not a strike, but who was involved: WHO: Railroad workers (B&O Railroad) WHY: Protest 2nd wage cut in two months State governors said it was impeding interstate commerce, so federal troops ended the strike. 1877 1886 1892 1894 1911

Not a strike, but who was involved: Strike / Event Name Year Who went on strike & Why What happened Great Strike Of 1877 Haymarket Affair Homestead Strike Pullman Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Not a strike, but who was involved: WHO: Railroad workers (B&O Railroad) WHY: Protest 2nd wage cut in two months State governors said it was impeding interstate commerce, so federal troops ended the strike. 1877 WHO: 3,000 people protesting police brutality WHY: a striker was killed & several wounded the day before A bomb was thrown, and several policeman & workers died & were wounded. The public began to turn on strikes 1886 1892 1894 1911

Not a strike, but who was involved: Strike / Event Name Year Who went on strike & Why What happened Great Strike Of 1877 Haymarket Affair Homestead Strike Pullman Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Not a strike, but who was involved: WHO: Railroad workers (B&O Railroad) WHY: Protest 2nd wage cut in two months State governors said it was impeding interstate commerce, so federal troops ended the strike. 1877 WHO: 3,000 people protesting police brutality WHY: a striker was killed & several wounded the day before A bomb was thrown, and several policeman & workers died & were wounded. The public began to turn on strikes 1886 Strikebreakers were hired to keep plant operating. Steelworkers forced out guards & kept plant closed until Pennsylvania National Guard arrived WHO: Carnegie steel workers WHY: to protest harsh working conditions & wage cuts 1892 1894 1911

Not a strike, but who was involved: Strike / Event Name Year Who went on strike & Why What happened Great Strike Of 1877 Haymarket Affair Homestead Strike Pullman Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Not a strike, but who was involved: WHO: Railroad workers (B&O Railroad) WHY: Protest 2nd wage cut in two months State governors said it was impeding interstate commerce, so federal troops ended the strike. 1877 WHO: 3,000 people protesting police brutality WHY: a striker was killed & several wounded the day before A bomb was thrown, and several policeman & workers died & were wounded. The public began to turn on strikes 1886 Strikebreakers were hired to keep plant operating. Steelworkers forced out guards & kept plant closed until Pennsylvania National Guard arrived WHO: Carnegie steel workers WHY: to protest harsh working conditions & wage cuts 1892 WHO: ARU boycotted Pullman trains WHY: Protest lay offs & wage cuts The strike turned violent when Pullman company hired strikebreakers, & federal troops once again stopped a strike 1894 1911

Not a strike, but who was involved: Strike / Event Name Year Who went on strike & Why What happened Great Strike Of 1877 Haymarket Affair Homestead Strike Pullman Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Not a strike, but who was involved: WHO: Railroad workers (B&O Railroad) WHY: Protest 2nd wage cut in two months State governors said it was impeding interstate commerce, so federal troops ended the strike. 1877 WHO: 3,000 people protesting police brutality WHY: a striker was killed & several wounded the day before A bomb was thrown, and several policeman & workers died & were wounded. The public began to turn on strikes 1886 Strikebreakers were hired to keep plant operating. Steelworkers forced out guards & kept plant closed until Pennsylvania National Guard arrived WHO: Carnegie steel workers WHY: to protest harsh working conditions & wage cuts 1892 WHO: ARU boycotted Pullman trains WHY: Protest lay offs & wage cuts The strike turned violent when Pullman company hired strikebreakers, & federal troops once again stopped a strike 1894 146 women were killed in a fire because they were locked in the factory with no sprinkler system 1911 Workers of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in NY

Industrialization Costs & Benefits DIRECTIONS: Draw a 2-column chart like the one below. Then, fill in the chart with each item based on whether it was a cost or benefit of industrialization. Growth of large corporations - Labor v. Management conflicts Corruption - Improved technology/machinery More manufactured goods - Less isolation (regions are linked) Better transportation - Less creative/skillful jobs Poor/dangerous working conditions - Improvements in construction techniques COSTS BENEFITS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. More manufactured goods Growth of large corporations Corruption Better transportation Improved technology/machinery Poor/Dangerous working conditions Less isolation (regions are linked) Labor v. Management conflicts Improvements in construction techniques Less creative/skillful jobs