Standard 4.6

 Start of the Progressive Movement  Urbanization caused cities to become overpopulated leading to problems with:  Housing, sanitation, transportation, water, crime, and fire  Middle class people objected to helping the corrupt cities

  Reporters that used newspapers to voice their investigations  Corruption in machine politics (factories)  Power of the monopolists  Plight of the workers (state or condition)  The most famous muckraker was Upton Sinclair  He wrote the book The Jungle  Exposing the meat packing industry Muckrakers

 Women’s Rights  The idea to push women’s rights began at the Seneca Falls Convention  Women’s suffrage began to intensify  The Progressive Movement helped women gain higher levels of education, new jobs, and the right to vote  Wyoming was the first state for women’s suffrage

 Carrie Chapman Catt  She helped establish the National American Women’s Suffrage Association (NAWSA)  They campaigned on the fact that they could clean up society and the gov’t  They were opposed by the liquor industries and political bosses  They argued their case at the state level

 Alice Paul  She was the leader of the National Women’s Party (nation wide)  To fight against Woodrow Wilson, she organized marches and picketed in front of the white house  This group campaigned for an equal rights movement

  These are women fighting for the right to vote  The women were attacked by men and arrested b/c of them speaking out against the government  In prison, the women held hunger strikes to continue their protest  The 19 th Amendment was passed in 1920  However, women rarely ran for office and were often mistreated in the work place Suffragettes

 Jane Addams  She was a well educated woman that introduced the settlement house  This is a place where immigrants could take vocational classes and receive childcare  Most famous was the Hull House in Chicago  These people pushed for child labor laws  It worked at state levels but was considered unconstitional

 National Support  Theodore Roosevelt was the first president to give support to the workers  He used his office as a ‘bully- pulpit’ (using a position to speak out)  He encouraged businesses to negotiate with the workers in order to end strikes

  He supported and applied the Sherman Anti-Trust Act  Gaining the nickname “trust-buster”  He supported the consumer by using these two acts:  Pure Food and Drug Act  Meat Inspection Act (prompted by The Jungle )  He was the founding force for the Progressive Party in 1912 which split the Republican Party  This ended up giving the election to Woodrow Wilson Teddy Roosevelt

 Woodrow Wilson  He served as President from  Progressive Accomplishments  Clayton Anti-Trust Act: allowed labor unions to be exempt from the anti-trust laws  First Federal Child Labor Act  Federal Reserve Act: regulating the money in circulation

 Changes During WWI  Years of WWI  U.S. joined the war in 1917  The war limited and nearly stopped the progressive reforms  The 18 th Amendment was passed – Prohibition (no legal selling or possessing alcohol)  19 th Amendment was passed – Women’s right to vote

 Results  18 th Amendment was nearly impossible to enforce  Places were set up to sell/drink alcohol known as a Speakeasy  19 th Amendment proved to not make any significant changes to politics

  Both were considered middle class movements  Both used tactics of persuasion  Both were led by well educated people, specifically women  Both faced significant opposition Comparing Progressivism and Suffrage