PRESIDENTIAL ROLES PRESIDENTIAL POWERS EXECUTIVE OFFICES PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION QUALIFICATIONS VICE PRESIDENTS DUTIES Created by Article II of the Constitution

PRESIDENTIAL QUALIFICATIONS AGE35 CITIZENSHIP NATURAL BORN U.S. CITIZEN RESIDENCY HAVE LIVED IN THE U.S. AT LEAST 14 YEARS Requirements to be President or Vice President

PRESIDENTIAL TERMS AND SALARY TERMS 22 ND Amendment- Limits the President to 2 terms or 10. years SALARY $400,000 per year $50,000 a year allowance Lives in the White House (132 rooms, 18.3 acres) Air Force One Plus other benefits

EXECUTIVE POWERS DIPLOMATIC POWERS MILITARY POWERS LEGISLATIVE POWERS POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT JUDICIAL POWERS

EXECUTIVE POWERS EXECUTIVE POWERS ARE THOSE POWERS THE PRESIDENT HAS AND USES TO MAKE SURE THAT FEDERAL LAW IS CARRIED OUT. THEY INCLUDE: EXECUTING THE LAW APPOINTING POWER REMOVAL POWERORDINANCE POWER

EXECUTING THE LAW THE PRESIDENT HAS THE JOB, RESPONSIBILITY AND DUTY TO MAKE SURE THAT ALL LAWS ARE ENFORCED AND ADMINISTERED, AS PER THE CONSTITUTION: ARTICLE II, SECTION 1, CLAUSE 8 (THE PRESIDENTIAL OATH) ARTCLE II, SECTION 3, CALLED THE “TAKE CARE” POWER

* The President has the power to issue executive orders. *An EXECUTIVE ORDER is a regulation that has the effect of a law, usually only effects federal agencies. *Example: Presidents Kennedy used an Executive Order to stop racial discrimination in federal housing, The ORDINANCE POWER

The President has the power to appoint federal employees. The President must receive the consent of the Senate! Some examples are: federal judges, cabinet members, heads of independent agencies, and officers of the military. THE APPOINTING POWER

*The President can remove anyone from office who he has appointed. *The only restriction on this power is that the President cannot remove Supreme Court Justices from the bench. *Three major reasons for removal are: inefficiency in office, neglect of duty, or inappropriate behavior. THE REMOVAL POWER

DIPLOMATIC POWERS THE PRESIDENTS DIPLOMATIC POWERS ARE AMONG HIS MOST POWERFUL. THEY INCLUDE: POWER TO MAKE TREATIES POWER OF EXECUTIVE AGREEMENTS POWER OF RECOGNITION

*treaty=formal agreement between two or more sovereign states (countries) *The President usually negotiates treaties through the Secretary of State. *The Senate must give approval for these international agreements with a 2/3 vote. POWER TO MAKE TREATIES

POWER OF EXECUTIVE AGREEMENTS Executive Agreements are like treaties in that they are agreements between the President and foreign leaders (NOT BETWEEN COUNTRIES!) They are different from treaties in that they do not require the approval of the Senate. They usually stem out of previous legislation, or a previous treaty.

*The President, representing the United States, acknowledges the legal existence of that country and its government. *This recognition can make or break the survival of a new country. *This recognition is not permanent. It can change with revolutions or changes in government. THE POWER OF RECOGNITION

MILITARY POWERS *During wartime, the President can make critical decisions that he feels is necessary for wartime AS COMMANDER AND CHIEF. *The President also has the power to send troops into combat, without approval by Congress. This is referred to as undeclared war. *Finally, the President can use troops for domestic peace within the United States.

LEGISLATIVE POWERS *The President possesses the power to submit OR RECOMMEND ideas to Congress. *The President gives a “State of the Union” address each year, where he presents ideas for new legislation to Congress. THE PRESIDENT ALSO HAS: *FINALLY THE PRESIDENT HAS THE POWER TO CALL SPECIAL SESSIONS OF CONGRESS IF A PRESSING MATTER OCCOURS. THE POWER OF VETO

*When a bill is presented to the President, he can do one of four things: 1. Sign it and pass the law, 2. Veto the law, 3. While Congress is in session, he can not touch the bill and it will pass in 10 days 4. Pocket veto, or while Congress is not in session, he can not touch the bill and it will not pass.

JUDICIAL POWERS PARDON – ISSUED BY THE PRESIDENT IT IS LEGAL FORGIVENESS FOR A CRIME AMNESTY – ISSUED BY THE PRESIDENT IT IS A PARDON FOR A LARGE GROUP OF PEOPLE REPRIEVE – ISSUED BY THE PRESIDENT IT IS POSTPONING A SENTENCE COMMUTATION- ISSUED BY THE PRESIDENT IT IS A REDUCTION OF A SENTENCE ACCORDING TO ARTICLE II, SECTION 2, CLAUSE 1 THE PRESIDENT HAS THE POWER TO ISSUE:

ROLES OF THE PRESIDENT CHIEF EXECUTIVE ECONOMIC LEADER CHIEF DIPLOMAT COMMANDER AND CHIEF CHIEF LEGISLATOR CHIEF OF PARTY CHIEF OF STATE

CHIEF EXECUTIVE This role of the President allows him to ensure that the laws of the nation are carried out fairly.

CHIEF DIPLOMAT This role of the President allows him to establish foreign policy with other nations.

CHIEF LEGISLATOR This role of the President allows him to submit ideas for new laws for the United States.

CHIEF OF STATE This role of the President states that the President is the head of the national government.

Economic Leader This role of the President states that the President is suppose to help the economy run smoothly.

COMMANDER AND CHIEF This role of the President allows him to command all United States military troops.

CHIEF OF PARTY This role of the President states that he is the informal leader of his political party.

EXECUTIVE OFFICES “The President’s right arm”as it is referred to is the several offices that are staffed by the President’s closest advisors, and are designed to help the President make, and enforce policy. They include: NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISORS CABINETOTHERS

VICE PRESIDENTIAL DUTIES BY CONSTITUTION THE VICE PRESIDENT HAS ONLY TWO FORMAL DUTIES: 1.PRESIDE OVER THE SENATE 2.HELP DECIDE THE QUESTION OF PRESIDENTIAL DISABILITY* *PRESIDENTIAL DISABILITY IS WHEN THE PRESIDENT IS UNABLE TO CARRY OUT HIS DUTIES 3. THE ONLY OTHER ASSUMED PURPOSE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT IS TO BE A PRESIDENT IN WAITING.

PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION IS THE ORDER IN WHICH INFERIOR OFFICERS CAN BE PROMOTED TO THE OFFICE OF PRESIDENT IN CASE OF A VACANCY. THE CURRENT SYSTEM WAS ESTABLISHED BY THE 25 TH AMENDMENT AND CURRENTLY HAS 18 POSITIONS. HERE ARE THE FIRST 10. 1VICE PRESIDENT6SECRETARY OF DEFENSE 2SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE7ATTORNEY GENERAL 3 PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE 8 SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR 4SECRETARY OF STATE9 SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE 5 SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY 10 SECRETARY OF COMMERCE