What is an end mark? An end mark is also known as punctuation, and comes at the end of a sentence. It lets you know when to stop.

First letter of a sentence. He is a boy.

Days Festivals Abbreviations Months

Capital letters  A capital letter is normally used in writing:  For the first letter of the first word at the beginning of a sentence KSouth Africa Johannesburg C  For the first letter of proper nouns (Kevin), countries (South Africa), cities (Johannesburg), and titles (the Champion).

Capital letters TFebruary D  For the first letter of the names of days (Tuesday), months (February), festivals (Dubai). K  For the first letter of houses, ships, streets, newspapers, books, play-titles (King Street). I  For the word I.

Full Stop At the end of every complete sentence.  Samy is a good cooker. Abbrev iations  R C T  I M  C O D

Full stops.  A full stop is used at the end of a sentence, unless the sentence calls for a question mark (?) or an exclamation mark (!).  Example, Joyce went to the shop.

 Use a comma to separate independent clause (sentences) in a compound sentence. I like English, but it is difficult.

Continue  Use commas to separate words, phrases, and clauses when there are three or more in a series.  For instance, Sanny can run, jump, and skip.

 When the date identifies the day of the week, the date is set off with a comma.  See the example below: On Thursday, August 25, school resumes.

 Use Comma to set off nouns of direct. For example: “Sarah, I want you to know that Doha is a bad person.” Address.  Use a comma to set off a year when it is with a month and date. - John was born June 25, 1954, in Boston, U.S.A.

 Use commas when writing full addresses in sentence form. I live at 45 London St.  Use commas to set off introductory phrases that come at the beginning of a sentence. Feeling anxious, George slowly stepped on the stage.

Commas Continue ◦ That boy, who is standing by the door is my brother.

 Use a comma to set off short quoted sentences from the rest of the sentence. Example:  Hamlet said, “To be or not to be. That is the question.”

Exclamation  To show emotions Hurrah ! We won.  To emphasis What a beautiful flower !  For blessings May God bless you !

Exclamation marks An exclamation mark is used after expressions of surprise, motion, fear and delight: !,!, For instance,Oh!,Ah!,Look!, and ! Hurrah!

Question marks  A question mark is usually placed at the end of a question. ?  What are you doing?  But a question mark is not used in: indirect speech.  Ex.I asked them what they were doing.

Apostrophes ‘  An apostrophe is a mark (‘ ) used to indicate:  The possessive case.  The omission of a letter or letters.  If the word does not end in s and is singular, add ‘s.

Apostrophes  Examples, The book of the boy – the boy’s book.  The book of the children – the children’s books.  In omission ( can’t – didn’t )  If the word ends in s and is singular, add ‘s:  The book of Charles – Charles’s book

Quotation marks (inverted commas)  Words quoted are put into quotation marks. The boy said, “He has the book”. Note the comma before the quotation mark and that since the words inside the marks form a sentence, the first letter is a capital letter

Direct speech Name of Books, Poems, movies

Colon A colon means "Use a colon to introduce a series of items. Do not capitalize the first item after the colon (unless it's a proper noun). Examples: 1) I want the following items: butter, sugar, and flour. 2) I need an assistant who can do the following: input data, write reports, and complete tax forms.

Avoid using a colon before a list when it directly follows a verb or preposition. Incorrect: I want: butter, sugar, and flour. Correct: I want the following: butter, sugar, and flour. OR I want butter, sugar, and flour.

Hyphen -  The sign (-) used to join words to indicate that they have a combined meaning or that they are linked in the grammar of a sentence.  For instance, good-hearted.

Hyphen (cont.) ◦ Hyphenate all compound numbers from twenty-one through ninety-nine. ◦ Examples: thirty-two children one thousand two hundred twenty-one dollars 

Parenthesis ( rounded brackets) ◦ Use parentheses to enclose information that clarifies or is used as an aside. ◦ Example: ◦ He finally answered (after taking five minutes to think) that he did not understand the question. 

Any question