Diana Hachová 4.a

Australia

Where is it located? - southern hemisphere - between the Pacific and India ocean - to the south of Asia km away from New Zealand

Basic facts called the Commonwealth of Australia the smallest inhabitant continent the sixth largest country area of about 7 mil sq km population - 20 mil people

It consists of: 2 territories – Northern territory - Australia capital territory 6 states - Quensland - New South Wales - Western Australia - South Australia - Victoria - Tasmania

State system a part of the Commonwealth of Nations official head is the British queen – Elizabeth II., who is represented by the General governor Actual head is the Prime Minister ( Tonny Abbott now)

Political system Federal constitution – each state has its own constitution The parliament consists of 2 houses (148 members) The House of Represenatives (76) Senate - 76 senators – 12 for each state and 2 for each territory

History Aboroginals – 50 thousand years ago 500 different languages They invented boomerang for hunting kangaroos second half of the 18 th century – James Cook 1770 he claimed New South Wales as a British colony It was used as a penal colony

Geography the flattest continent the driest and weathered land lots of deserts (the Great Sandy desert, The Gibson) High mountain ranges ( The Great Diving Range, Australia Alps); Mt Kosciusko ( 2230 metres above sea level) The longest river – Murray

12 apostoles – rock formation Uluru Devil‘s Marbles The great Barrier Reef

Animals Kangaroos Koala bear Crocodiles Emus Poisonous snakes Echidna Platypus Sharks

Big cities The capital - Canbera Melbourne Sydney Darwin Perth Adelaide

New Zealand to the southeast of Australia in the Pacific Ocean population about 4 million people area of sq km It consists of north and south Islands

Political system a part of the Commonwealth of Nations official head is the British queen – Elizabeth II., who is represented by the General governor Actual head is the Prime Minister It has only one chamber of Parliament – the house of Representatives The first county to give voting rights to women

History It was discovered by James Cook in the 18 th century Lots of ethnic groups Aboroginal inabitants - Maori community They are tribal people, who came to NZ thousand years ago → own culture, costums, way of life, the center is a church

Nature Sheep Oposum Emu on the farms The highest peak is Mount Cook ( 3874 m above sea level) Landscape in the north is not so dramatic like in the south

Cities The capital –Wellington (N.I) Largest city – Auckland (N. I.) Christchurch (S.I) Rotorua –,,turists capital “ (N.I.)

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