Combine the sentences into a single sentence WITHOUT using relative pronouns/subordinating conjunctions. 1. Our dog ran from us. His name was Tony. 2. We shuffled across the field. We were tired and sleepy. 3. We were running down the street. We tripped and fell. 4. Our principal was sick. Her name was Ms. Collins. She had been out for 5 days. 5. The chairman of the sweepstakes called. He wished us good luck with our $2,000,000. His name was Jim Baumgarner. He was jovial and affable.

Phrase – a group of words lacking a subject and a verb Phrases

Prepositions Show a relationship between 2 nouns Start phrases Ex. Under, between, through (see BK p. L173 for the list) A prepositional phrase starts with a preposition: He fell off the edge. Throughout the house ran the dog. Phrases at the beginning of a sentence Three words or more have a comma at the end of the phrase Underneath the brick house, the ruby slippers could still be found.

Write the preposition from each sentence: 1. The roach skittered behind the sink. 2. During the movie, we fell asleep. Now, write the entire prepositional phrase. Do BK book - L

Appositive – Not a verbal, it is a noun or pronoun that describes another noun or pronoun before it in the sentence. Has no special ending Always comes after what it describes, never before I went to see Ms. Huntington, my counselor. The bug, a large roach, ran when we turned the lights on. My dad’s neighbor Dave helps my dad with yard work.

Find the appositive phrase: 1. The President, the nation’s leader, lives in the White House. 2. We waited in line for hours to get tickets to my favorite band, Grizzly Bear. Do BK L

Participles - made from verbs (verbal) End in –ing or –ed Act as an adjective Come either before or after what they describe A participial phrase starts with a participle: Running down the street, the child tripped. The milk, spilled by accident, dribbled off the counter.

Write the participle from each sentence: 1. The car, rolling down the street, had no driver. 2. Hushed for a few hours, the baby slept. Now, write the entire participial phrase. Do BK L

Gerunds – made from verbs (verbal) End in –ing Act as a noun (person, place, thing, or idea) Can be a subject, direct object, indirect object, object of a preposition, or predicate nominative, or appositive A gerund phrase starts with a gerund: Joe started running toward the house. Pushing the lawnmower is a chore.

Write the entire gerund from each sentence: 1. Skittering behind objects on the counter is common for roaches. 2. Bill likes restoring old automobiles. Now, write the entire gerund phrase. Do BK p. L Gerund or participle? BK L

Infinitives - made from verbs (verbal) To + verb May be the beginning of a phrase Used as a noun, adjective, or an adverb An infinitive phrase starts with a infinitive: Some of my friends have learned to read quickly. He chose to run around the track.

Write the infinitive in each sentence: 1. My father wanted to play the guitar. 2. To support himself, he worked as an insurance agent. Now, write the entire infinitive phrase. Do BK L

Practice test L

Now try again: Combine the sentences using phrases only. Do not use subordinating conjunctions or relative pronouns. 1. Our dog ran from us. His name was Tony. 2. We shuffled across the field. We were tired and sleepy. 3. We were running down the street. We tripped and fell. 4. Our principal was sick. Her name was Ms. Collins. She had been out for 5 days. 5. The chairman of the sweepstakes called. He wished us good luck with our $2,000,000. His name was Jim Baumgarner. He was jovial and affable.