1. Clauses & Phrases

2. The house where I grew up is in Skokie
Adjective Clauses
Definition: A dependent clause that modifies a noun. This clause serves as the adjective (or one of the adjectives) for the sentence.
Adjective clauses begin with conjunctions or pronouns (who, that, where, whom)
Example:
The house where I grew up is in Skokie

3. I will drive wherever the road takes me
Adverbial Clauses
Definition: Dependent clauses that modify verbs.
Don’t forget your dependent marker words…(where, when, after, during, because, if). These will help us signal an adverbial clause.
Example:
I will drive wherever the road takes me

4. Who cares about Adverbial Clauses?
Identifying an adverbial clause is helpful because it can help us vary up sentence structure. You can usually move an adverbial clause within a sentence to improve sentence variation within your writing. (Just like with Independent & Dependent clauses)
Example:
Wherever the road takes me, I will drive.

5. The hostess wouldn't seat us because the restaurant was closed.
Identify Any Clauses
The hostess wouldn't seat us because the restaurant was closed.
Answer:
Adverbial clause
(Because the restaurant was closed)

6. Have you played with the game that I bought for you?
Identify Any Clauses
Have you played with the game that I bought for you?
Answer:
Adjective Clause
(that I bought for you)

7. I am not responsible for what my cats do when I am not home.
Identify Any Clauses
I am not responsible for what my cats do when I am not home.
Answer:
Adverbial Clause
(When I’m not home)

8. We can go swimming when it is warmer outside.
Identify Any Clauses
We can go swimming when it is warmer outside.
Answer:
Adverbial Clause
(when it is warmer outside)

9. If you promise to let his band play, Sean will come to your party.
Identify Any Clauses
If you promise to let his band play, Sean will come to your party.
Answer:
Adverbial Clause
(If you promise to let his band play)

10. The car that she is driving is not hers.
Identify Any Clauses
The car that she is driving is not hers.
Answer:
Adjective Clause
(that she is driving)

11. The man wants the money. He is here.
Combine these simple sentences by creating a sentence with an adjective or adverbial clause.
The man wants the money. He is here.

12. The fireworks will be starting. It isn’t dark enough.
Combine these simple sentences by creating a sentence with an adjective or adverbial clause.
The fireworks will be starting. It isn’t dark enough.

13. I am going to the store. We are out of milk.
Combine these simple sentences by creating a sentence with an adjective or adverbial clause.
I am going to the store. We are out of milk.

14. I went to get coffee with a girl. She sits behind me in French.
Combine these simple sentences by creating a sentence with an adjective or adverbial clause.
I went to get coffee with a girl. She sits behind me in French.

15. The play is starting at seven. It is the one I wanted to watch.
Combine these simple sentences by creating a sentence with an adjective or adverbial clause.
The play is starting at seven. It is the one I wanted to watch.

16. I like to go sledding. It is snowing.
Combine these simple sentences by creating a sentence with an adjective or adverbial clause.
I like to go sledding. It is snowing.

17. Prepositional Phrases
What is a prepositional phrase?
A prepositional phrase includes a preposition, a noun or pronoun called “the object of the preposition” and any modifiers of that object.
In other words, it includes a preposition, the noun or pronoun that the preposition is affecting and any adjectives that modify the noun.
Example:
The man lived under the bridge

18. Prepositional Phrases Type #1: Adjective Phrases
What is an adjective phrase?
An adjective phrase is a prepositional phrase that is used to modify a noun.
How is this different than an adjective clause?
Adjective phrases begin with prepositions, while adjective clauses begin with pronouns.
Example:
She lived in the house beside the river.

19. Prepositional Phrases Type #2: Adverb Phrases
What is an adverb phrase?
An adverb phrase is a prepositional phrase that is used to modify a verb, adjective or another adverb.
How is this different than an adverbial clause?
Adverb phrases begin with prepositions. Adverbial clauses begin with subordinate conjunctions.
Example:
She ran behind the shed.

20. Complete Subject or Complete Predicate?
Prepositional phrases can be part of the subject or the predicate, depending on what they are modifying. If they modify the simple predicate (adverb phrase), then they would be part of the predicate. If they modify the simple subject (adjective phrase), then they would be part of the subject.
Example:
The monster under the bed clawed through the wall.

21. Let’s Practice She lay beside the still waters. Answer: Adverb phrase
Identify whether the phrase is an adjective phrase or adverb phrase.
She lay beside the still waters.
Answer:
Adverb phrase

22. Let’s Practice The house across the street is falling down. Answer:
Identify whether the phrase is an adjective phrase or adverb phrase.
The house across the street is falling down.
Answer:
Adjective Phrase

23. Let’s Practice The cat fell down the well. Answer: Adverb phrase
Identify whether the phrase is an adjective phrase or adverb phrase.
The cat fell down the well.
Answer:
Adverb phrase

24. Let’s Practice The words inside the book were difficult to read.
Identify whether the phrase is an adjective phrase or adverb phrase.
The words inside the book were difficult to read.
Answer:
Adjective phrase

25. Let’s Practice The car near the house belongs to Jimmy. Answer:
Identify the prepositional phrase and whether it is an adjective or adverb phrase.
The car near the house belongs to Jimmy.
Answer:
Near the house, adjective

26. Let’s Practice She ran towards the fire. Answer:
Identify the prepositional phrase and whether it is an adjective or adverb phrase.
She ran towards the fire.
Answer:
Towards the fire, adverb

27. Let’s Practice The light upon the hill burns brightly. Answer:
Identify the prepositional phrase and whether it is an adjective or adverb phrase.
The light upon the hill burns brightly.
Answer:
Upon the hill, adjective

28. Let’s Practice The store past Barnes and Noble is still open. Answer:
Identify the prepositional phrase and whether it is an adjective or adverb phrase.
The store past Barnes and Noble is still open.
Answer:
Past Barnes and Noble, adjective

29. The car drove off the edge of the cliff.
Let’s Practice
Identify the prepositional phrase and whether it is an adjective or adverb phrase.
The car drove off the edge of the cliff.
Answer:
Off the edge, adverb
Of the cliff, adjective