Reproductive Systems and Fertilization Ms. Law Health and Medical Sciences

Meiosis Review How sperm and eggs are produced.

Male Reproductive System

Function: To produce and deliver sperm to the female system Testes: Make sperm and testosterone Inside scrotum To Regulate temperature. Why? Not until puberty Produces secondary sex characteristics-deeper voice, pubic hair, facial hair, body hair Male sex hormone

Journey of the Sperm Inside testes are Semineferous Tubules where sperm are produced through meiosis Mature sperm leave and are stored in the Epididymous Sperm leave Epididymous they travel through the Vas Deferens where fluid is added to them Sperm + Fluid=Semen Vas Deferens is connected to the Urethra. During Ejaculation the sperm travel from the Vas Deferens to the Urethra then are ejaculated

Journey of the Sperm Testes in Scrotum  Semineferous Tubules (produce sperm)  Epididymous (store sperm)  Vas Deferens (fluids added)  urethra  Semen (sperm + fluids) ejaculated

Female Reproductive System

Function: produce eggs, nuture fertilized eggs, give birth Ovaries: Mature eggs and produce estrogen

Journey of the Egg Ovary releases an Egg into the Fallopian Tube (Ovulation) Egg travels down the Fallopian Tube towards the uterus If fertilized, egg will implant in wall of uterus and begin to grow into a baby If NOT fertilized, egg will die and be flushed away with menstruation (period).

Journey of the Egg Ovary  Fallopian Tube  Uterus (thickened with blood and tissue to prepare for fertilization)

Fertilization Occurs in the fallopian tube Egg is released during ovulation Sperm is released into vagina by ejaculation during sexual intercourse Sperm swim through uterus toward fallopian tubes Egg and sperm join nuclei during fertilization Egg (23 chromosomes)+ Sperm (23 chromosomes)= Zygote (46 chromosomes) Egg blocks more than one sperm from entering

Fertilization

Fertilization

Embryo Development After fertilization, zygote travels to uterus where it implants-attaches to the wall Fertilized egg is dividing over and over Now called an embryo Placenta forms-provides the baby with oxygen and nutrients from mom’s blood and removes waste

Embryo Development Embryo is surrounded by the amnion  fluid filled sac protects the baby Umbilical cord forms and attaches to placenta- exchange of oxygen nutrients and wastes Mom’s blood and baby’s blood never actually mix!

Embryo Development

1-2 months  brain, spinal cord, limb buds 3-6 months  Movement, fingernails, toenails, eyes, can hear sounds outside the womb 7-9 months  lungs practice breathing, see light, sleeping patterns 9-10 months  Birth