1. Human Reproductive System

2. Male Reproductive System

3. Sperm Formation MEIOSIS Form in testes Temperature important! Scrotum Leave testes via epididymus to the vas deferens

4. Semen Fluids help to transport, feed, and protect sperm Seminal vesicles Prostate gland

5. Secondary Sexual Characteristics - Male Produced by testosterone –Deeper voice –Axillary and pubic hair –Chest and facial hair –Lengthen bones –Increased size of testes for sperm production

6. Female Reproductive System

7. Ovum Formation MEIOSIS Ova are formed before birth 1 ovum per month is matured and released from ovaries

8. Secondary Sexual Characteristics - Female Induced by increased Luteinising Hormone (LH), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), estrogen, and progesterone hormone levels –Axillary and pubic hair –Widen pelvis –Enlarge mammary tissue –Begin menstrual cycle

9. Menstrual Cycle Increased LH, FSH, estrogen, and progesterone hormone levels –Occurs approx. every 28 days –Egg released day 14 –Lining of uterus prepared for fertilized egg implantation –If egg is not fertilized then the lining of the uterus is shed.

10. Fertilization Occurs in upper 1/3 of Fallopian tube Once one sperm enters, egg membrane changes Fertilized egg = zygote ½ genes from mother, ½ genes from father Mitotic cell division produces fetus - growth

11. Implantation Implanted into thick walls of uterus Chorion membranes dig into uterus to form placenta Placenta provides nourishment and oxygen from mother’s blood to fetus Embryo supported via umbilical cord Once pregnant, progesterone levels stay high in mom

12. 1 st Trimester Heart develops first Neural tube develops All body systems appear by Week 8 – Now a Fetus Mothers should avoid tobacco, alcohol and drugs to avoid a baby with birth defects.

13. 2 nd Trimester Mostly growth Looks more like a baby Some preemies survive at this stage

14. 3 rd Trimester More growth Kicking, rolling, stretching Eyes open – Week 32 Lungs mature Rotates to head-down position

15. Birth Labor –Uterine contractions begin –Cervix dilates to 10 cm. Birth –Uterus pushes baby through vaginal canal Placenta delivered after