World History I STANDARD WHI.4f The student will demonstrate knowledge of the civilizations of Persia, India, and China, in terms of chronology, geography, social structures, government, economy, religion, and contributions to later civilizations by describing the impact of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism.

Ancient Chinese Beliefs CCCChinese philosophers sought ways to understand the universe and the human condition. NNNNature is two-sided (dualism) Yin = female, dark, and passive Yang = male, bright, and active BBBBalance is normal condition

Confucius CCCConfucius (551 B.C. – 479 B.C.) was a leading philosopher during the Zhou era. FFFFollowers collected his teachings in a work called the Analects. CCCConfucianism emphasized: family, respect for elders, reverence for the past virtue, or correct behavior strong but moral government

Laozi DDDDaoism (Taoism) Laozi [LOWD-ZOO] shunned politics Contemplate and appreciate nature, harmony, balance Be humble, quiet, and thoughtful Dao De Jing = compilation of Laozi’s teachings

Legalism and Buddhism LLLLegalism concerned itself w/politics and power. People were, by nature, selfish and untrustworthy. Harsh laws were needed to make people obey laws. HHHHan Dynasty lasted so long b/c of balance between Legalism and Confucianism?

Spread of Buddhism BBBBuddhism in China Brought by missionaries from India during the Han Dynasty Mahayana Buddhists believed Buddha to be a savior (help to escape the miseries of the world). Universal charity and compassion

Why were Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism important in the formation of Chinese culture? CCCContributions of Confucianism in forming the social order in China Belief that humans are good, not bad Respect for elders Code of politeness, still used in Chinese society today Emphasis on education Ancestor worship

CCCContributions of Taoism in forming Chinese culture and values Humility Simple life and inner peace Harmony with nature