Chapter 3: Vocabulary and Notes The English Colonies in North America Essential Question: What were the similarities and differences among the colonies in North America?
Vocabulary/Key Content Terms economy isolated authorize proprietor prosperous mercantilism cash crops charter democratic Mayflower Compact slave trade
The term ____________ describes the way in which a society organizes the manufacturing and exchange of things of value , such as money, food, products, and services.
economy
To be ____________ is to be separated or set apart from other people or things.
isolated
To ______________ something is to grant (give) permission for something.
authorize
A ______________ is the owner of something.
proprietor
The term _______________ describes a person who is wealthy.
prosperous
____________________ describes an economic policy in which nations tried to gain wealth by controlling trade and establishing colonies.
mercantilism
A _____________ are a crops such as tobacco, sugar, and cotton, which are raised in large quantities and sold for profit.
cash crops
A ______________ is a formal document issued by the king that outlined a colony’s geographic boundaries and specified how it would by governed (ruled).
charter
A ________________ society is ruled (governed) by the people A ________________ society is ruled (governed) by the people. In a democracy, citizens elect representatives to make and carry out laws.
democratic
The _______________ was an agreement that Pilgrims wrote and signed describing how they would govern (rule) themselves in the Americas.
Mayflower Compact
___________________ is the business of capturing, transporting, and selling people as slaves. Slavery is the treatment of people as property.
slave trade
Chapter 3.2 1 and 2. Students should show the regions outlined and the names of the colonies underlined. 3. Example: climate and geography New England Colonies: harsh winters, warm summers, rich pastures, forested hills and seacoast Middle Colonies: cold winters and hot summers; wetlands and forested mountain;, rolling hills and fertile soil Southern Colonies: mild winters and hot summers; coastal lowlands and wooded mountains; mild winters and hot summers; wetlands and forested mountains
Chapter 3.3 – Massachusetts (New England) Geography and climate: harsh winters and warm summers; rich pastures and forests Settlers: first by Pilgrims led by William Bradford; later by Puritans led by John Winthrop Government: self-governing, as described in the Mayflower Compact, strong religious influence Economy: crop and livestock farming, trade, shops, lumbering Religion: Puritans – separated from the Church of England (Anglican Church)-Sepratists Reasons for settlement: to escape religious persecution
Chapter 3.4 – Rhode Island (New England) Geography and climate: humid summers and cold winters; coastal lowlands and rocky woodlands Settlers: former Puritans from Massachusetts led by Roger Williams and Ann Hutchinson Government: self-governing Economy: farming, lumbering, shipbuilding, fishing, whaling Religion: various faiths Reasons for settlement:
Chapter 3.5 – Connecticut (New England) Geography and climate: cold winters and mild summers; forested hills and seacoast Settlers: Former Massachusetts Puritans led by Thomas Hooker Government: self-governing with a written government Economy: farming, shipbuilding, fishing whaling Religion: Puritan Reasons for settlement: to establish a new settlement apart from Massachusetts Puritans
Chapter 3.6 – New York (Middle Colony) Geography and climate: cold winters and hot summers; wetlands and forested mountains Settlers: Dutch and English Government: British appointed governor and council; eventually an elected assembly Economy: N/A Religion: various faiths Reasons for settlement: to make money
Chapter 3.7 – Pennsylvania (Middle Colony) Geography and climate: cold winters and hot summers; rolling hills and fertile soil Settlers: English Quakers led by William Penn Government: elected assembly Economy: farming, trade, lumbering, and shipbuilding Religion: various faiths Reasons for settlement: to safely practice their religion
Chapter 3.8 – Maryland (Southern Colony) Geography and climate: cold winters, hot summers; low, fertile land surrounding Chesapeake Bay Settlers: English Catholics and Protestants Government: elected assembly Economy: farming, lumbering, shipping, fishing, iron mining Religion: various faiths, mainly Catholic Reasons for settlement: to find religious and political freedom
Chapter 3.9 – Virginia (Southern Colony) Geography and climate: mild winters and hot summers; coastal lowlands and wooded mountains Settlers: English landowners and skilled laborers Government: elected assembly (House of Burgesses) Economy: farming Religion: Church of England Reasons for settlement: to make a profit
Chapter 3.10 – Georgia (S0uthern Colony) Geography and climate: mild winters and hot summers; wetlands and forested mountains Settlers: debtors from English prisons, and other Europeans Government: ruled by James Oglethorpe for 12 years, then an elected assembly Economy: N/A Religion: various faiths Reasons for settlement: