10 Chapter 10 Travel and Tourism

Objectives Define travel and tourism. Understand the scope of tourism. Identify and explain tourism types. Describe technology advances in tourism.

Tourism Defined World’s largest industry Tourism –Activities of persons traveling and staying in places outside their usual environment Divided into domestic and international tourism

Tourism Defined (cont’d) Three elements of tourism –Local commercial recreation  Theaters, festivals, water parks –Travel  Movement of people from place to place  Airlines, buses, trains –Hospitality  Vast system of accommodations, food, and beverages

Scope of Tourism 8.6% of the gross domestic product in the U.S. (approximately $1,348.2 billion) Nation’s second-largest employer –5,569,500 jobs; second to health care Personal travel and tourism accounted for $641.4 billion in spending Business travel accounted for another $234 billion 62.7 million people coming into the U.S. in million U.S. people traveling to other countries

Scope of Tourism

Tourism Types: Cruises 80+ cruise ship lines worldwide 18.4 million customers in 2013 from United States 238 different cruise liners in operation Wide variety of cruise ship opportunities (i.e., themes, levels of luxury)

Tourism Types: Cultural and Historical Attending major performing arts festivals, visiting famous art museums, music events Interest in being exposed to new and different cultures –Pennsylvania Amish, French Canadian Gallic communities, Native American reservations Heritage tourism –Old mines, factories, to bring back past

Tourism Types: Sport Participant – Sports tournaments Spectator –Super Bowl, NCAA tournament, LPGA Experience –1896 Olympic stadium in downtown Athens; Coliseum in Rome; Basketball Hall of Fame –Fantasy camps

Tourism Types: Religion Pilgrimages Missionary travel Conventions and crusades Attractions −Vatican −Reclining Buddha

Tourism Types: Health-Related Wellness destinations such as health spas −Exercise, nutrition, massage, yoga Medical and surgical care −India, Thailand, and Brazil

Tourism Types: Ecotourism and Adventure Travel “Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people” Sustainable tourism Volun-tourists Adventure recreation Source: International Ecotourism Society (IETS)

Tourism Types: Hedonistic Forms Gambling Sex tourism

Tourism Types: Hosteling Low-cost accommodations where people rent a bed in a dormitory-style facility Traditionally been places in the countryside for young hikers to stop off for the night before continuing on their trek Known for social aspects

Tourism Types: Food “The pursuit and enjoyment of unique and memorable food and drink experiences” Attending cooking schools, visiting cooking supply stores, culinary tours, attending food festivals, visiting farmers’ markets, or going to wineries and distilleries Source: International Culinary Tourism Association (ICTA)

Technology and Tourism Internet surpassed word of mouth as primary source of travel information Popular websites and apps –TripAdvisors.com –ZoomAndGo.com Social media Smartphones –GPS –Tickets –Language translation