1. 10
Chapter 10
Travel and Tourism

2. Objectives
Define travel and tourism.
Understand the scope of tourism.
Identify and explain tourism types.
Describe technology advances in tourism.

3. Tourism Defined World’s largest industry Tourism
Activities of persons traveling and staying in places outside their usual environment
Divided into domestic and international tourism
Outbound and inbound tourism
Inbound tourism is when visitors from one country com to visit another country.
Outbound tourism is when residents of one country leave and visit a different country
International tourism is both inbound and outbound.

4. Tourism Defined (cont’d)
Three elements of tourism
Local commercial recreation
Theaters, festivals, water parks
Travel
Movement of people from place to place
Airlines, buses, trains
Hospitality
Vast system of accommodations, food, and beverages

5. Scope of Tourism
8.6% of the gross domestic product in the U.S. (approximately $1,348.2 billion)
Nation’s second-largest employer
5,569,500 jobs; second to health care
Personal travel and tourism accounted for $641.4 billion in spending
Business travel accounted for another $234 billion
62.7 million people coming into the U.S. in 2011
60.7 million U.S. people traveling to other countries

6. Scope of Tourism
Canada, Mexico, and Great Britain are the countries that are most likely to have their residents come to the U.S.

7. Tourism Types: Cruises
80+ cruise ship lines worldwide % owned by Carnival & 23.3% by Royal Caribbean
18.4 million customers in 2013 from United States
238 different cruise liners in operation
Wide variety of cruise ship opportunities (i.e., themes, levels of luxury)

8. Tourism Types: Cultural and Historical
Attending major performing arts festivals, visiting famous art museums, music events
Experience people and history to better understand how the culture emerged.
Interest in being exposed to new and different cultures
Pennsylvania Amish, French Canadian Gallic communities, Native American reservations
Heritage tourism
Old mines, factories, to bring back past

9. Ancestral Tourism
Ancestral tourism focuses on individuals who focus on traveling to historic sites or visiting locations where ancestors were known to reside or originate.

10. Tourism Types: Sport Participant Sports tournaments Spectator
Super Bowl, NCAA tournament, LPGA
Experience
1896 Olympic stadium in downtown Athens; Coliseum in Rome; Basketball Hall of Fame
Fantasy camps

11. Tourism Types: Religion
The fastest growing segment
Pilgrimages
Mecca
Western Wall in Jerusalem
Missionary travel
Conventions and crusades
Attractions
Vatican
Reclining Buddha
Bullet 3: spelled out ampersand
Sub-bullets 1-2: revised round bullets to en dashes for differentiation
Master edit: Update copyright to 2015

12. Tourism Types: Health-Related
Wellness destinations such as health spas
Exercise, nutrition, massage, yoga
Medical and surgical care
India, Thailand, and Brazil

13. Tourism Types: Ecotourism and Adventure Travel
“Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people”
Sustainable tourism
Volun-tourists
Adventure recreation
Ecotourism is the responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people and  is about uniting, conservation, and sustainable travel.
Sustainable tourism advocates tourism activities that are compatible with the ecological processes, sociocultural characteristics, and economic structure of the destinations and that enhance the geographical character of the place.
An example of volunteer tourism is the Cultural Restoration Project sets up trips to renovate Buddhist temples in Nepal and to do relief work in India
An example of adventure tourism is white water rafting or the opportunity to track down tornadoes.
Source: International Ecotourism Society (IETS)

14. Tourism Types: Hedonistic Forms
Gambling – the most popular
Sex tourism

15. Tourism Types: Hosteling
Low-cost accommodations where people rent a bed in a dormitory-style facility
Traditionally been places in the countryside for young hikers to stop off for the night before continuing on their trek
Known for social aspects
Master edit: Update copyright to 2015

16. Source: International Culinary Tourism Association (ICTA)
Tourism Types: Food
“The pursuit and enjoyment of unique and memorable food and drink experiences”
Attending cooking schools, visiting cooking supply stores, culinary tours, attending food festivals, visiting farmers’ markets, or going to wineries and distilleries
The increase in food tourism is quite evident on television channels as the Food Network and the Travel Channel which has helped to spark the food tourism
Source: International Culinary Tourism Association (ICTA)

17. Technology and Tourism
Internet surpassed word of mouth as primary source of travel information
Popular websites and apps
TripAdvisors.com
ZoomAndGo.com
Social media
Smartphones
GPS
Tickets
Language translation