Sigmund Freud By : the boys

Sigmund Freud

Sigmund in his earlier days

Bio Born May 6 th,1856 Lived in Freiberg, Moravia Father was a wool merchant Had six younger siblings Was a brilliant child, always Ahead of his classmates.

Bio Went to medical school He was Jewish At medical school he became involved in study with a physiology professor. Was very good and involved in his research. Studied neurology in Berlin, then moved back to Vienna and met his fiancée. His books and lectures brought him fame and ostracism.

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Psychosexual theory Is an advanced theory that deals with personality development that is centered on the effects of the sexual pleasure drive. The theory is broken up into many categories.

The Oral Stage Begins at birth, the child preoccupies himself with nursing, with the pleasure of sucking and accepting things into the mouth. It is said that the child who is frustrated at a young age because he is deprived of being nursed is pessimistic, filled with envy and sarcasm at a young age. The overindulged oral character who’s nursing urges were often met are said to be excessively calm and satisfied, more optomistic as a young child.

The Anal Stage At one and a half years the child enters the anal stage. This is when the concept of toilet training comes into play. With the idea of the toilet in the child’s mind, they have a growing fascination with their anus and with the expulsion of feces. This represents a conflict with ego and super ego, which represents the practical and societal pressure of controling their bodily functions.

The Phallic Stage This is the stage where the child is curious and interested in his/her genitals. The child is interested in other individuals genitals, and usually also has a fascination with his/her mothers genitals because of their strong emotional bond. This is also the stage where children begin to realize that there is a difference between men and women. They begin to distinguish them by knowing that there are two kinds of genitals, male and females.

Latency Stage This stage is where drive energy is redirected to new activities, mainly related to schooling, hobbies and friends. The child knows the difference between men and women and are now less fascinated with the fact that they are different in certain areas.

The Genital Stage In this stage the child’s energy is once again focused towards the genitals, but this time interest turns to heterosexual relationships. The less energy has left invested in unresolved psychosexual development, the greater his chance is to develop a normal relationship with the opposite sex.

Critique A common scientific criticism regarding Freudian theory of human psychosexual development is that Freud was personally overly fixated on human sexuality himself, which may have served to subjectively bias his work in favor of defining human development solely upon normative human sexual development. It is possible that said fixation regarding human sexuality could have negatively influenced Freud in manners that may have led to him ignoring other significant variables that contribute to human's psychosexual development, such as hormonal and pheromonal activity. The stage that has caused the most controversy is the phallic stage. Freud supported his assertions on the Oedipal Complex with a series of clinical observations. In 1909, he published a case study of a boy called “little Hans”, who had a phobia of horses. Freud connected Hans’ fear for horses to his fear for his father. Hans's fear and anxiety were thought to be the result of various factors, including the birth of his sister, the desire of his id to replace his father as his mother's companion and conflicts over masturbation. Hans admitted his want to have children with his mother, which was considered an adequate proof for patient’s sexual attraction for the opposite-sex parent. Little Hans, however, was unable to connect the fear for the horses with his father, and, as Freud admitted, “Hans had to be told many things that he could not say himself” and that “he had to be presented with thoughts which he had so far shown no signs of possessing”, so that one may suggest that Freud manipulated the patients’s mind. human sexualityhuman developmenthormonalpheromonallittle Hans human sexualityhuman developmenthormonalpheromonallittle Hans

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