Philosophy of Islamic Education and Eastern Philosophy of Education H 2 O 2 T Research and Innovation Department IPG CampusTun Abdul Razak, Samarahan

Islamic Philosophy of Education Islamic philosophy explains the relationship b/w man and his Creator (Allah), b/w man and man, and b/w man and his environment (BPG, 2002) philo/R&I2013 2

Islamic Philosophy of Education Man is not in full control of his destiny nor is his destiny fully predetermined for (Ead, 1998) philo/R&I2013 3

Islamic Philosophy of Education Ibn Rushd commented that Islam aims at true knowledge which is defined as knowledge of God and of His Creation. philo/R&I2013 4

Islamic Philosophy of Education It also includes knowing how to achieve satisfaction in this world and how to avoid misery in the Hereafter. philo/R&I2013 5

Islamic Philosophy of Education Islamic education is a process which educate and trains the human mind, body, soul & emotion, guides educators to mould students based on the teachings of Islam. philo/R&I2013 6

Islamic Philosophy of Education This is achieved through revealed knowledge (al-Quran), the amal (practices) of the Prophet Muhammad S.A.W (Sunnah) & his companions, & through the experiences of Salaf al-Salih & other prominent educators. philo/R&I2013 7

Islamic Philosophy of Education The goal of Islamic education is to develop the human person to be someone who loves Allah and his Messenger and able to perform his responsibilities as Caliph of this world. philo/R&I2013 8

Islamic Philosophy of Education Therefore a Muslim is one who : Believes in Allah Is knowledgeable Of good character & personality Performs good deeds Put in continuous effort to equip himself with necessary knowledge & skills Responsible servant of Allah & a pious leader philo/R&I2013 9

Islamic Philosophy of Education Hence Islamic education is to educate students to : be of good behaviour achieve perfection in their soul do good and noble deeds practice refined culture maintain cleanliness, sincerity & good practices (BPG, 2002) philo/R&I

Islamic Philosophy of Education Mohammad Qatb – education aims at developing a person holistically and well balanced – attain perfection intellectually, physically, emotionally and spiritually. Dr Mohd Athiyah al-Abrasyi – religious education is to develop a person with good behaviour, good morals philo/R&I

Islamic Philosophy of Education Al- Ghazali – education should include physical education and behaviour moulding. Aims – the individual should be highly respected and brave. Hamka – education aims at developing good behaviour, courageous, humility, patience and respectful of others. philo/R&I

Eastern Philosophy of Education- Confucianism Confucianism focuses on thinking, upholding the truth and belief in goodness (jen) philo/R&I

Eastern Philosophy of Education- Confucianism The importance of education emphasizes on the changing of human behaviour in order to become a citizen of : Noble character Law-abiding Loyal to authority and love his country philo/R&I

Eastern Philosophy of Education- Confucianism Hence, education is a process to cultivate perfection in human ethical conduct. philo/R&I

Eastern Philosophy of Education- Confucianism Education is a tool for the continuation of social norms and values. Eventually, to stabilize society. Good moral values in man can be passed to the later generations through education. philo/R&I

Eastern Philosopher – Mencius Man should strive to practice ren and altruism to produce good behaviour. Be benevolent and display righteousness. Altruism - concern for the needs and feelings of other people above one’s own. philo/R&I

Eastern Philosophy of Education- Lao Zi (Taoism) He wrote Taoist classics which can be categorised to 2 main ideas: i.The Righteous Way ii.The Principles of Good Moral values. philo/R&I

Eastern Philosophy of Education- Siddharta Gautama All writings related to philosopy is collected in the holy books – Veda(s) – holy teachings. The main idea in the vedas is moksa that is to be free from all sufferings. In Buddhism, moksa is refered to as nirvana. It’s the main aim of all human beings to achieve nirvana (free from all sufferings. philo/R&I

Eastern Philosophy of Education- Siddharta Gautama In education – Buddhism teaches a person to achieve nirvana through good deeds called dharma. The path to reach nirvana is called karma. philo/R&I

Eastern Philosophy of Education- Nationalism “…..education is a process with the aims of producing individuals with perfect reasoning who are capable of achieving all aspects including physical, intellectual, moral & spiritual as well as related to practical living experiences”. (1861 – 1941, Rabindranath Tagore, philosopher & poet from India) philo/R&I

Eastern Philosophy of Education- Nationalism Education for nationalism aims to inculcate the ideals & tradition of a nation. philo/R&I

Eastern Philosophy of Education- Nationalism Therefore, subjects taught in schools include history, geography, literature, real situations & requirements of a nation at the present time which include national problems, achievements, failures and successes. philo/R&I

Eastern Philosophy of Education- Internationalism Education for internationalism - foster good relations, friendship, harmony & peace among all nations in the world. philo/R&I

Eastern Philosophy of Education- Internationalism Hence education should be based on real knowledge and should be related directly to the customs and traditions, historical background & culture of the people of other nations. philo/R&I

Reflection To what extent has the Eastern Philosophy of Education been adopted and applied by pupils in our education system? philo/R&I

Self - evaluation Islamic education Ibnu Rushd Al - Ghazali Ibn Khaldun Al – Farabi Eastern education Confucius R. Tagore philo/R&I

Tutorial Surf information in the internet/ library on development Islamic Education and Eastern Philosophy of Education In groups, students select an Islamic Philosopher of Education and an Eastern Philosopher of Education and compare between between Islamic Education and Eastern Philosophy of Education using suitable graphic organizers and also present their points of views. philo/R&I