Stages of Child Development Goal 5: Examine the developmental stages of children to appropriately support and monitor growth.

Physical Development

Stage 1: Infancy Ages 0-12 months (1year)

dependant on others inborn abilities to interact blurred vision for several months

reflexes suck grasp

eye hand coordination large motor skills roll over sit up crawl stand

Stage 2: toddlerhood ages: 1 year to 3 years

walk (15months) run climb walk up/down stairs (2years)

small motor skills take things apart and put them together feed self dress self

Stage 3: preschool years Ages: 3 years- 5years

large motor skills hop run stride ride tricycle

more refined small motor skills use scissors draw recognizable objects write name

Stage 4: school age children ages: 6 years-12 years

rate of growth slows down baby teeth replaced by permanent teeth ride a bike

participate in games (running, jumping, throwing)

more refined small motor skills write more draw more precisely

Stage 5: Adolescence Ages: 13 years-18 years

puberty hormones shape of the body changes

acne squeaky voice become a man or woman

Stage 6: Early Adulthood Ages:19 years-39 years

at peak finished growing potential to reach a high level of fitness do not require as much physical activity need to make an effort to be active

Stage 7: Middle Adulthood Ages: 40 years- mid 60 years

need to stay fit and active need to eat a healthy diet gray hair eye issues can develop

Stage 8: Late Adulthood Ages late 60’s-?

slow down joints less flexible muscles weaken some hearing loss some sight loss

Intellectual Development

Stage 1: Infancy Ages 0-12 months (1year)

follow movement of objects and people with their eyes turn head toward sound communicate vocally cry to express anger, hunger, and discomfort

babble and coo (3months) imitate others wave peek-a-boo respond to simple request (touch your nose)

Stage 2: toddlerhood ages: 1 year to 3 years

language skills grow (simple words to short phrases to complete sentences) express needs, thoughts, and ideas understand cause and effect concept size/space (small objects go on top of large objects0

object permanence (an object exists even if it is out of sight) point to familiar objects in books

Stage 3: preschool years Ages: 3 years- 5years

learn to count identify colors recognize letters vocabulary grows express complex ideas (how/why) like pretending

Stage 4: school age children ages: 6 years-12 years

curious about the world ask why acquire reasoning skills want to know why/how things happen

build on skills to learn more complex skills learn to use symbols (letters and numbers) learn to read and do math

Stage 5: Adolescence Ages: 13 years-18 years

can imagine the consequences of actions and can think of alternatives ability to reflect on the results of decisions learn from mistakes

can reason or think in abstract terms test new ideas form their own judgment think things through

Stage 6: Early Adulthood Ages:19 years-39 years

mental stimulation from established career working toward career goals learning is a lifelong process

Stage 7: Middle Adulthood Ages: 40 years- mid 60 years

look for intellectual stimulation in a different field of work pursues new challenges keep the mind active

Stage 8: Late Adulthood Ages late 60’s-?

mental abilities decline take longer to learn tasks short term memory loss

Emotional Development

Stage 1: Infancy Ages 0-12 months (1year)

learn trust through parents meeting their needs needs- food, safety, cleanliness, and closeness need security to learn and thrive

Stage 2: toddlerhood ages: 1 year to 3 years

capable individual start to separate from parents or others self-esteem can grow if properly encouraged strong emotions mood changes quickly

Stage 3: preschool years Ages: 3 years- 5years

not so much frustration because child now has the ability to express emotions less self-centered show empathy

feel fear, anxiety, joy, pride can not distinguish between fantasy and reality

Stage 4: school age children ages: 6 years-12 years

outgrow preschool fears experience stress caused by academic pressure or events at home high self-esteem and more supportive family allows child to handle stress more effectively

Stage 5: Adolescence Ages: 13 years-18 years

hormones effect emotions mood swings are common experience stress sexual awareness

Stage 6: Early Adulthood Ages:19 years-39 years

determine who they are determine what they want

Stage 7: Middle Adulthood Ages: 40 years- mid 60 years

keep mind active to maintain mental fitness

Stage 8: Late Adulthood Ages late 60’s-?

deal with death of family and friends

Social Development

Stage 1: Infancy Ages 0-12 months (1year)

smile (3months) recognize faces and voices (7months) respond to name

developed fear of unknown people solitary play

Stage 2: toddlerhood ages: 1 year to 3 years

parallel play struggle to assert independence frustration tempertantrums

Stage 3: preschool years Ages: 3 years- 5years

cooperative play learn to take turns, share, and solve problems together choose a best friend (4- 5years)

Stage 4: school age children ages: 6 years-12 years

more social opportunities outside the home form peer groups that learn to negotiate and compromise

develop skills that society values showing and considering feelings of others

Stage 5: Adolescence Ages: 13 years-18 years

spend more time with peers than family look to parents for advice friendships become more deeper and stable

romantic feeling develop spend more time in groups

Stage 6: Early Adulthood Ages:19 years-39 years

start building long term relationships gain financial independence explore new interests

spend time with a variety of people many raise a family

Stage 7: Middle Adulthood Ages: 40 years- mid 60 years

balance work, family, and social commitments enjoy family and career more involvement in the community

Stage 8: Late Adulthood Ages late 60’s-?

deal of death of families and friends

Moral Development

Stage 2: toddlerhood ages: 1 year to 3 years

develop sense of right and wrong on a basic level

Stage 3: preschool years Ages: 3 years- 5years

rigid sense of right and wrong understand basic moral concepts (fairness and justice)

Stage 4: school age children ages: 6 years-12 years

understand rules are flexible and can be changed care what others think want to be thought of as good conscience takes on a stronger role

Stage 5: Adolescence Ages: 13 years-18 years

know the difference between right and wrong but don’t always act accordingly want to fit in

peer pressure need to examine beliefs and traditions develop a strong value system

Stage 6: Early Adulthood Ages:19 years-39 years

continue to develop a strong value system