1. Plant Classification & Anatomy

2. Plants can be classified into 2 main groups:
Non-Vascular Plants
mosses = no vascular systems
Vascular Plants
Gymnosperms = complex vascular system + bare seed (cone)
(needle trees, conifers)
Angiosperm = complex vascular system + enclosed seed within a flower
(leaf trees, deciduous)

3. Two types of Vascular Plants ~ P. 531
1. Monocot
- Seed: eg. Corn, 1
cotyledon (seed leaf)
- Stem: Vascular
bundles scattered in
pith
- Petals: Multiples of 3
(trillium)
- Leaf: Veins run parallel
through leaf
-Roots: Fibrous

4. Monocot and Dicot Leaves

5. Two types of Vascular Plants ~ P. 531
2. Dicot
- Seed: eg. Peanut, 2
cotyledons
- Stem: Vascular
bundles in a ring
- Petals: Multiples of 4 or 5
- Leaf: Veins are “net” like
- Roots: tap root

6. Roots
Two types:
Tap root system – one main root; may have secondary roots
2. Fibrous root system – many finer roots; could grow shallow or deep

7. Functions of Roots Absorb water and dissolved minerals
Anchor plant in the ground
Storage for extra food (carrot, beet, etc.)
In some cases, can reproduce the plant (hops, dahlias, etc.)

8. Cool Roots
YouTube “Attenborough Strangler Fig”

9. Stems Herbaceous – green & soft, don’t survive the winter
Woody – tough & hard, survive winter
(trees)

10. Functions of Stems Hold up leaves, expose them to light
Support reproductive parts (flowers)
Conduct materials between roots and leaves
Storage in some plants (celery, sugar cane, etc.)
Reproduce some plants (strawberry, willow, etc.)

11. Nice stems!
YouTube:
“Giant Sequoias”
“baobab tree”

12. Tree Ring Circus
Each year, vascular cambium makes new xylem (annual rings) and new phloem
Dead phloem will become cork and eventually bark
A tree “ring” is made up of spring wood (lots of water, large cells, quick growth) and summer wood (low water, small cells, slow growth)

13. Tree Ring Circus

14. Vascular Cambium

18. Functions of Leaves Photosynthesis (green leaves)
Gas exchange (O2 and CO2)
Remove excess water (transpiration)
Food storage in some plants
Reproduction in some plants

19. Cool Leaves
YouTube “mimosa pudica”
“attenborough venus flytrap”

20. Parts of the flower: filament - stalk anther – produces pollen grains
Male reproductive part = stamen which are made up of…
filament - stalk
anther – produces pollen grains
Female reproductive part = Pistil which is made up of…
style – stalk
stigma – sticky surface at tip of style
ovary – organ that contain the egg
style

21. Pollination Pollen grain moves from anther to pistil.
The grain forms a tube and pollen travels down it to the egg in the ovary. There is a different pollen grain for each egg.
Each fertilized egg becomes a seed.
The ovary wall becomes the flesh of the fruit.

22. You Tube clips…flowers & pollination
Attenborough- Giant Water Lilies
Titan Arum
Pitcher plant