1. Aftermath of the Mexican American War and the The Compromise of 1850

2. The United States will conquer Mexico, but it will be as the man swallows the arsenic, which brings him down in turn. Mexico will poison us.” ~ Ralph Waldo Emerson

3. Problems After Mexican War Main Problem: What to do with the new land in regard to free or slave states? Main Problem: What to do with the new land in regard to free or slave states? Mexican War Territory not yet organized Mexican War Territory not yet organized California Admission as a Free State California Admission as a Free State Texas-New Mexico Border Dispute Texas-New Mexico Border Dispute Options Options Missouri Compromise Missouri Compromise Popular Sovereignty Popular Sovereignty Free Soil Free Soil

4. Other Specific Problems Slavery in Washington D.C. Slavery in Washington D.C. Wilmot Proviso Wilmot Proviso Slave trade within U.S. Slave trade within U.S. Fugitive Slave Law(s) Fugitive Slave Law(s) Abolition (Gradual or Full) Abolition (Gradual or Full) Tariffs Tariffs Future Railroad Expansion (Routes) Future Railroad Expansion (Routes)

5. Arguments in the Senate North wanted abolition in D.C. North wanted abolition in D.C. South wanted North to enforce Fugitive Slave Law of 1793 South wanted North to enforce Fugitive Slave Law of 1793 South threatened secession more frequently South threatened secession more frequently Clay, wanting to preserve the Union, ultimately came up with a compromise Clay, wanting to preserve the Union, ultimately came up with a compromise

6. The Compromise of 1850

7. Clay’s Compromise Appeased both North and South: Appeased both North and South: New and More effective Fugitive Slave Law New and More effective Fugitive Slave Law Popular Sovereignty in New Mexico and Utah Territories Popular Sovereignty in New Mexico and Utah Territories Pay $10 million to Texas to give disputed land to New Mexico territory Pay $10 million to Texas to give disputed land to New Mexico territory Slave trade banned in D.C., but not abolished unless residents and MD consented, then slave owners paid for loss Slave trade banned in D.C., but not abolished unless residents and MD consented, then slave owners paid for loss CA admitted as a Free State CA admitted as a Free State

8. The Passing of the Compromise Webster spoke to Webster spoke to Northerners about passing stricter fugitive slave laws Northerners about passing stricter fugitive slave laws Southerners about danger of secession Southerners about danger of secession Senate rejects compromise Senate rejects compromise Stephen Douglas proposed introducing each resolution one at a time Stephen Douglas proposed introducing each resolution one at a time Death of President Taylor, led to President Millard Filmore who supported compromise helped. Death of President Taylor, led to President Millard Filmore who supported compromise helped. September 1850, Compromise passed September 1850, Compromise passed Crisis adverted for the time being Crisis adverted for the time being