1. English Civil War and Glorious Revolution Textbook Chapter 5 section 5, P.180
Spinrad/World History

2. What is the big picture?
1600s-1800s are time of REVOLUTIONS! All types of revolutions!
For example the French overthrew their king and set up a republic
The English replaced one king with another and greatly limited the power of the monarchy
The British colonists in the Americas revolt and declare independence
Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions
Scientific Revolution
Philosophical Revolution

3. Why Should You Care?
Political democracy rests on the principal that gov’t derives (gets) its power from the consent (the “OK”) of the governed.
The foundations of English civil rights are:
1. jury trial
2. the Magna Carta
3. common law
The English Civil War prompted further development of the rights of the common Englishman

4. What You Should Ask Yourself (and be able to answer)
How did the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution (two different events) promote the development of the rights of Englishmen? How did these events then lead to the forming of American political documents?

5. Let’s Begin With Queen Elizabeth

6. From there it seems to be all downhill...
Queen Elizabeth
King James I
Charles I
Wrote Psalms for the modern Bible: King James version

7. Divine Right of Kings meant he didn’t listen to Parliament
Charles I
Divine Right of Kings meant he didn’t listen to Parliament
They present him with the Petition of Right
king can’t tax people w/out permission of Parliament
he can’t declare martial law
can’t quarter soldiers in private homes in times of peace
can’t imprison someone w/out a specific charge
1. ANYWAY…. He dies and his son ________________ inherits the throne of England. Using and abusing the concept of ___________________ he angers Parliament. They present him with ______________________. It states a. b. c. d.
1. Even though Charles I signed this document he still ___________ the people and when members of the House of Commons (the lower house of Parliament) protested, Charles I just ______________ .
he signed but ignored it - continued to tax as wanted - he dismissed Parliament because they kept complaining

8. kept Parliament dissolved Parliament mainly Puritan
Charles I
He made people angry!
kept Parliament dissolved
Parliament mainly Puritan
made church services more formal (like the Catholic ceremonies) this angered Puritans
no guarantee of civil liberties
no juries and judges made decisions in secret - like the infamous Star Chamber
people didn’t like his absolute rule
1. List at least 2 actions Charles I took which angered people. a. b.
1. What was wrong with the courts? How were they unfair?

9. National Covenant and Scottish Rebellion!
Charles I
National Covenant and Scottish Rebellion!
Scottish as Presbyterian Protestants- they resent the forcing of Anglican ceremonies!
They signed the National Covenant stating they would never adopt Anglicanism...they were loyal to their church more than their (resented-hated) British king
Charles I invades Scotland 2x and fails - he finally has to call in Parliament (and they aren’t leaving now!)
1. What is the National Covenant and how do the Scottish feel about their religion?

10. This new Parliament is called the Long Parliament
New Laws
King can’t dissolve Parliament
Parliament must meet at least one time every 3 years
tried to change Anglican Church wasn’t successful
Meanwhile....bloody rebellion in British-controlled lands of Ireland
Parliament said they needed an army. Charles refused and tried to arrest Parliament’s leaders leading to civil war in 1642 between Parliament (Puritans) and forces loyal to Charles.

11. English Civil War
Roundheads for
Puritan Parliament
Cavaliers for the King

12. psst...he didn’t make it - Cromwell had him beheaded!
English Civil War
Oliver Cromwell
Under Oliver Cromwell (military genius) leads the Puritans’ New Model Army against the king.
Run Charles I out
Parliament now the Rump Parliament
England is a Commonwealth now
Guess now would be a good time to leave town!
I’ll go to Scotland
psst...he didn’t make it - Cromwell had him beheaded!

13. English Civil War Oliver Cromwell
English life is unforgiving under Cromwell!
His rule as a dictator – the Protectorate - was unpopular!

14. English Civil War Oliver Cromwell
Cromwell’s military dictatorship would have ended earlier but
1. He raised enough money from taxes and land sales to make sure the army was well trained and equipped.
2. The army was disciplined & powerful
3. Enemies were not organized

15. English Civil War Navigation Act of 1651
Trade and the Dutch!
I’m not letting the Dutch control all the trade and make all the money!
Navigation Act of 1651
all goods coming to England from other countries need to be carried on English ships or by ships of the producing country.
War with Dutch!

16. End of English Civil War
Cromwell dismissed Parliament
He ruled alone until he died. Then,
in 1660 Parliament invited Charles II,
the dead king’s brother, to come back
and be king.
This is the period of Restoration!
(the restoring of the king...)
The merry monarch...

17. Parliament passed Petition of Rights Cromwell had Charles I killed
Put It In Order
Civil War broke out
Parliament passed Petition of Rights
Cromwell had Charles I killed
Charles I refused to call Parliament to session
Cromwell “failed” to set up a constitution
Cromwell ruled as lord protector
Long Parliament began
Parliament invited Charles II to be King of England

18. The Glorious Revolution
Why is the Glorious Revolution so glorious?
It brings a constitutional monarchy to the most powerful kingdom on Earth - Great Britain

19. The Glorious Revolution
Let’s get some timing in order...
The original Norman invaders of 1066 (Remember William the Conqueror?)
The Magna Carta and its Rule of Law.
Elizabeth.

20. The Glorious Revolution
1603 James I - then Charles I
/1658 Oliver Cromwell and English Civil War
/1658 then Oliver Cromwell and English Civil War
1660 Charles II -then James II.(Catholic)
1688 Glorious Revolution with William and Mary
A theme: establishing the worth of the individual vs. the rulers.
By the time of the Glorious Revolution it is pretty clear that the common man in England has rights not enjoyed anywhere else in the world.

21. Constitutional Monarchy
The Kings Return
Charles II
Restoration
Rebirth of English Culture

22. Constitutional Monarchy
The Kings Return
Avoided fights with Parliament
Did fight with Dutch and won the American colony of New Amsterdam (renamed it New York)
French and British rivalry restarts - this one lasts 150 years!
People get right of habeas corpus
He led a hedonistic court
Queen never had kids but he had 12 illegitimate ones

23. Constitutional Monarchy
The Kings Return
Wanted toleration of Catholicism
Parliament hated that!
He was forced to abandon any efforts to bring religious toleration

24. Constitutional Monarchy
Charles II has no heir
It looks like James II - his brother - an avowed Catholic will inherit! Catholics could be king forever!
England is divided over this issue
Not enough for another bloody civil war like the one with they just had with the Cavaliers and Roundheads
This will be a peaceful revolution

25. Constitutional Monarchy
Tories
Whigs
believed James II (Roman Catholic) should rule
believed in Anglican Church
believed in monarchy - enough to accept a Roman Catholic ruler like James
OMG! James II is Catholic!
need/want strong Parliament and believed they had the right to oppose James as ruler
Molly, do not skip this one!

26. Constitutional Monarchy
James II seems to be inheriting the throne
Parliament divides over who should inherit throne
Whigs v. Tories
Glorious
Revolution
power passed without bloodshed
English Bill of Rights signed
Parliament offers
throne to Protestant Mary (daughter of James II) and husband William of Orange

27. William (Duke of Orange) and Mary

28. Glorious Revolution Democracy
The English Bill of Rights was passed by Parliament after the Glorious Revolution of
Power was transferred from Catholic James II to his son-in-law and daughter, William and Mary, both of whom were Protestant. The Bill of Rights ensured the supremacy of Parliament over the monarchy in England. 
England was still not a true democracy, but it was taking steps toward becoming one.

29. English Bill of Rights

30. Catholics in Britain
Toleration Act - Religious Freedoms (protect everyone but Roman Catholics and Jews)
Act of Settlement Keeps Catholics from the throne - if William III dies with no heirs then throne goes to Mary’s Protestant sister Anne...and so on - always to Protestants

31. 1700 England is a Constitutional Monarchy
Parliament
House of Commons
House of Lords
Prime Minister
Cabinet