1. Sentence Variety WRITE THE FOLLOWING NEW TERMS IN THE GRAMMAR SECTION OF YOUR NOTEBOOK: WRITE THE FOLLOWING NEW TERMS IN THE GRAMMAR SECTION OF YOUR NOTEBOOK: SENTENCES CAN BE: SENTENCES CAN BE: SIMPLE SENTENCES SIMPLE SENTENCES COMPOUND SENTENCES COMPOUND SENTENCES COMPLEX SENTENCES COMPLEX SENTENCES WHAT ARE SIMPLE SENTENCES? COMPOUND SENTENCES? COMPLEX SENTENCES?

2. Sentence Variety SIMPLE SENTENCES: SIMPLE SENTENCES: Simple sentence, also called an independent clause, contains a subject and a verb, and it expresses a complete thought. Simple sentence, also called an independent clause, contains a subject and a verb, and it expresses a complete thought. SIMPLE SENTENCES

3. Sentence Variety In the following simple sentences, subjects are in yellow, and verbs are in green. In the following simple sentences, subjects are in yellow, and verbs are in green. Some students like to study in the mornings. Some students like to study in the mornings. Juan and Arturo play football every afternoon. Juan and Arturo play football every afternoon. Alicia goes to the library and studies every day. Alicia goes to the library and studies every day. SIMPLE SENTENCES

4. Sentence Variety CHECK YOUR WRITING: CHECK YOUR WRITING: UNDERLINE ANY SIMPLE SENTENCES YOU HAVE UNDERLINE ANY SIMPLE SENTENCES YOU HAVE BEGINNING WITH NOUN: “School is wicked fun.” BEGINNING WITH NOUN: “School is wicked fun.” BEGINNING WITH PRONOUN: “My dog threw up on the carpet.” BEGINNING WITH PRONOUN: “My dog threw up on the carpet.” BEGINNING WITH ARTICLE: BEGINNING WITH ARTICLE: “The car is in front of the cat.” SIMPLE SENTENCES

5. Sentence Variety ADD VARIETY TO YOUR WRITING BY BEGINNING WITH A PHRASE ( a group of words that clarify a sentence) ADD VARIETY TO YOUR WRITING BY BEGINNING WITH A PHRASE ( a group of words that clarify a sentence) BEGIN WITH A PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE BEGIN WITH A PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE “ On Tuesday, I like to play tennis.” BEGIN WITH A VERBAL (-ING OR –ED ENDING) BEGIN WITH A VERBAL (-ING OR –ED ENDING) “Thinking about sushi, I went to a Japanese restaurant.” SIMPLE SENTENCES

6. Sentence Variety COMPOUND SENTENCES: COMPOUND SENTENCES: A compound sentence contains two sentences (independent clauses) joined by a coordinator. A compound sentence contains two sentences (independent clauses) joined by a coordinator. The coordinators are as follows: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. The coordinators are as follows: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. (Helpful hint: The first letter of each of the coordinators spells FANBOYS.) (Helpful hint: The first letter of each of the coordinators spells FANBOYS.) COMPOUND SENTENCES

7. Sentence Variety COMPOUND SENTENCES: COMPOUND SENTENCES: The first letter of each of the coordinators spells FANBOYS The first letter of each of the coordinators spells FANBOYS What are the coordinator words? What are the coordinator words? F A N B O Y S COMPOUND SENTENCES

8. Sentence Variety Except for very short sentences, coordinators are always preceded by a comma. Except for very short sentences, coordinators are always preceded by a comma. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping. COMPOUNDS ENTENCES

9. Sentence Variety In these examples, the subjects are in yellow, the coordinators are in red, and the verbs are in green. In these examples, the subjects are in yellow, the coordinators are in red, and the verbs are in green. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping. I ran inside the house, for the storm was becoming stronger. I ran inside the house, for the storm was becoming stronger. COMPOUNDS ENTENCES

10. Sentence Variety YOU TRY: ADD VARIETY BY COMBINING OR ADDING A SECOND SENTENCE TO A PREVIOUS ONE YOU TRY: ADD VARIETY BY COMBINING OR ADDING A SECOND SENTENCE TO A PREVIOUS ONE USE ONE OF OUR COORDINATORS USE ONE OF OUR COORDINATORS “I like to swim, yet I would rather play tennis.” “ Would you like to play Nintendo, or should we go play football?” COMPOUND SENTENCES

11. Sentence Variety COMPLEX SENTENCES: COMPLEX SENTENCES: Complex sentence has an independent clause joined by one or more dependent clauses. Complex sentence has an independent clause joined by one or more dependent clauses. You know about independent clauses! What is a DEPENDENT CLAUSE? You know about independent clauses! What is a DEPENDENT CLAUSE? COMPLEX SENTENCES

12. Sentence Variety DEPENDENT CLAUSES: DEPENDENT CLAUSES: Dependent clauses look like mini-sentences. Dependent clauses look like mini-sentences. Dependent clauses need to be attached to a full sentence to be correct / make sense Dependent clauses need to be attached to a full sentence to be correct / make sense COMPLEX SENTENCES

13. Sentence Variety DEPENDENT CLAUSES: DEPENDENT CLAUSES: Where is the “mini-sentence in this dependent clause? Where is the “mini-sentence in this dependent clause? “When he saw his friend” “When he saw his friend” Why isn’t the above dependent clause correct? Does it make sense? Why isn’t the above dependent clause correct? Does it make sense? How could you fix it? How could you fix it? COMPLEX SENTENCES

14. Sentence Variety Can you find the independent clause (complete-main sentence) in the following sentences? Can you find the independent clause (complete-main sentence) in the following sentences? When he handed in his homework, he forgot to give the teacher the last page. When he handed in his homework, he forgot to give the teacher the last page. The teacher returned the homework after she noticed the error. The teacher returned the homework after she noticed the error. The students are studying because they have a test tomorrow. The students are studying because they have a test tomorrow. COMPLEX SENTENCES

15. Sentence Variety A complex sentence always has a subordinator such as because, since, after, although, when or a relative pronoun such as that, who, or which. A complex sentence always has a subordinator such as because, since, after, although, when or a relative pronoun such as that, who, or which. “I want to live in Italy because I love to eat pizza” “After the play finished, we went to eat pizza” “I can’t stand health nuts who don’t eat pizza.” COMPLEX SENTENCES

16. Sentence Variety DON’T FORGET! If you BEGIN with dependent clause, you put a comma after it, before starting the main sentence/independent clause. DON’T FORGET! If you BEGIN with dependent clause, you put a comma after it, before starting the main sentence/independent clause. When he handed in his homework, he forgot to give the teacher the last page. When he handed in his homework, he forgot to give the teacher the last page. After our teacher returned the homework, she noticed an error. After our teacher returned the homework, she noticed an error. (If you start with main/independent clause = no comma!) (If you start with main/independent clause = no comma!) The students are studying because they have a test tomorrow. The students are studying because they have a test tomorrow. COMPLEX SENTENCES

17. Sentence Variety LAST POINT! You can insert a dependent clause in THREE places. LAST POINT! You can insert a dependent clause in THREE places. BEFORE starting the main sentence/independent clause: BEFORE starting the main sentence/independent clause: When he handed in his homework, he forgot to give the teacher the last page. When he handed in his homework, he forgot to give the teacher the last page. COMPLEX SENTENCES

18. Sentence Variety LAST POINT! You can insert a dependent clause in THREE places. LAST POINT! You can insert a dependent clause in THREE places. After writing the main sentence/independent clause: After writing the main sentence/independent clause: He forgot to give the teacher the last page when handed in his homework. He forgot to give the teacher the last page when handed in his homework. COMPLEX SENTENCES

19. Sentence Variety LAST POINT! You can insert a dependent clause in THREE places. LAST POINT! You can insert a dependent clause in THREE places. You can even put a dependent clause IN THE MIDDLE of the main sentence: You can even put a dependent clause IN THE MIDDLE of the main sentence: The sleepy boy, when he handed in his homework, forgot to give the teacher the last page. The sleepy boy, when he handed in his homework, forgot to give the teacher the last page. COMPLEX SENTENCES

20. Sentence Variety You try! Re-write 3 of your sentences, putting a dependent clause in the BEGINNING, MIDDLE, END of your main sentence. You try! Re-write 3 of your sentences, putting a dependent clause in the BEGINNING, MIDDLE, END of your main sentence. After calling his friend, the sleepy boy quickly went to bed. The sleepy boy, after calling his friend, quickly went to bed. The sleepy boy quickly went to bed after calling his friend,. COMPLEX SENTENCES

21. Sentence Variety TRY TO COMBINE ALL OUR TRICKS INTO ONE SUPER SENTENCE: A COMPOUND SENTENCE (ending with a semi-colon), AND A COMPLEX SENTENCE! TRY TO COMBINE ALL OUR TRICKS INTO ONE SUPER SENTENCE: A COMPOUND SENTENCE (ending with a semi-colon), AND A COMPLEX SENTENCE! “There are so many wonderful ways to make pizza and I love the great sauces; whenever we go Italy, I always order the biggest pizza in the restaurant! “There are so many wonderful ways to make pizza and I love the great sauces; whenever we go Italy, I always order the biggest pizza in the restaurant! SUPER COMPLEX SENTENCES