1. Navy ISR Family of Systems: An Integrated Future
Purpose
Provide an introduction to N2/N6O
- Educate AO’s on the primary areas of tasking from CP
- Provide advice on responding to N2/N6CP tasking
ISR Capabilities Division
7 March 2012 1

2. CNO Tenets: Warfighting First, Operate Forward, Be Ready!
CNO Guidance
Priorities:
Remain ready to meet today's challenges, today
Build a relevant and capable future force structure
Take care of our Sailors, Civilians and their Families; recruit and nurture a motivated, relevant and diverse future force
Unmanned systems continue to advance through demonstrations and early introduction of capabilities for operational use by warfighters.
Deployed unmanned vehicles in the fight include Navy Broad Area Maritime Surveillance Demonstration, Fire Scout, Scan Eagle and the USMC Shadow and Cargo Resupply helicopter.
Navy is adding increased sensor and payload capabilities for existing platforms and development efforts designed to support multiple warfare commanders continue with the Large Displacement Unmanned Underwater Vehicle, distributed netted sensors, and the Unmanned Carrier Launched Surveillance and Strike aircraft.
The streamlined ISR capacity, capabilities that will be fielded in coming years will integrate with manned systems and produce increased reach, persistence, and battlespace effectiveness.
CNO Tenets: Warfighting First, Operate Forward, Be Ready!

3. Guiding Principles for US Navy ISR
Increasingly sea based & unmanned
Every platform is a sensor
Every sensor is networked
Data is discoverable & accessible by all
Modular, scalable plug & play sensor payloads
Common Unmanned Systems (UxS) Control Stations
Common interfaces, data formats & standards
Remoted automated sensors
Navy has a set of principles that will guide our investments.
These principles apply to all ISR platforms---unmanned systems in all domains.
We’re introducing capabilities that will forever change our manned, unmanned capability mix. We think every air-capable ship (ship with deck and hangar) ought to have some UAS capability in the future to extend the ship’s horizon, maximize situational awareness, increase I&W, and improve weapons effectiveness. Ships are great assets to provide coverage in remote areas that are inaccessible to any other “eyes or ears”. Undersea, we look to remove the dependance of UUVs on host platforms – providing complimentary capability and capacity without tethering or restricting major combatants to their off-board sensors. This is the focus of our long endurance efforts.
We view every platform as a sensor and the goal is to have every sensor networked, so valuable info is not stovepiped, hidden, or lost. Commanders at all levels (Navy, Joint, Coalition) need to be able to rapidly find and exploit sensor data to get inside opponents’ decision loops.
We intend to mix and match payloads on our ISR “trucks” and be able to trade payloads between different ISR assets depending on the mission.
To save costs and simplify training & ops, we are also developing common control capabilities, so individual stations can C2 multiple types of UAS (even Joint & NATO assets in the future). This effort relies heavily on commons standards among various programs.
Farther on the horizon, we anticipate fielding smart sensors that require less “man in the loop” sensor control during missions (take advantage of advances in artificial intelligence)
The Way Ahead: Increased Operational Access, Persistence, Flexibility, and Information Sharing 3

4. Navy ISR – Leveraging Unmanned Capabilities
Endurance
Persistent ISR unfettered by
crew & platform limitations
Far Forward
Expanded Area of operations
into those inaccessible or
hazardous to manned
platforms
Complementary
Augments manned platforms
to fill capacity gaps and
reduce costs
Within our manned-unmanned mix, the unmanned piece brings three key
Characteristics:
Endurance is critical. We do want systems that are not restricted by the need for frequent energy replenishment. But endurance also means that the platform and sensor performance is not fatigued in the third or eighth or fourteenth hour of the mission
Unmanned system will allow us to operate far forward in areas that might be inaccessible or hazardous due to threat envelopes, natural limitations such as water depth, or man-made risks such as radiological or chemical agents.
In today’s fiscal environment, we can provide a relatively less expensive but focused capability against specific targets while freeing the high-end capability of our multi-sensor manned platforms to take on the more complex challenges.
,,,

5. Family of Systems Approach
Airborne
Information Dominance Corps
Advanced Technology/Robust
CONOPS
Scalable
Undersea
Legacy Missions Remain
Extending Endurance and Reach
Surface
Integrated into Future Fleet
The introduction of unmanned systems is progressing across the three different realms – over, under, and on the sea.
In the air, the Information Dominance Corps is now managing all of our naval Unmanned Air systems larger than Class I, which are the smallest of the systems. I’ll discuss specifics of our Family of Systems in a moment, but the terms shown here characterize what we are looking for from them.
Under the sea, N2/N6 has taken the Navy from it’s “Strategic Pause” of the mid 2000’s into an era in which smaller legacy vehicles, such as small mine-hunting and special purpose UUVs will remain with their current resource sponsors. Our focus is now on large long-endurance vehicles that will capable of operating independently or in concert with manned platforms. We are leveraging ongoing work at the Office of Naval Research that will lead to a Large Displacement multi-mission UUV squadron in the fleet within the next decade.
On the surface, the Navy and Defense agencies continue to examine a number of options in the USV realm, and those efforts will be matured as their CONOPS evolve. …
Greater Flexibility Enhances Capability and Capacity

6. Airborne ISR Way Ahead ISR Increasingly Unmanned & Automated BAMS-D
UNCLASSIFIED
Airborne ISR Way Ahead
Today
2013
2016
2019
2022
BAMS-D
Broad Area Maritime Surveillance
Unmanned Air System (BAMS)
EP-3 & Special Projects Aircraft (SPA)
P-3
P-8
E-2C
E-2D
Navy Unmanned Combat Air
System-Carrier Demonstration (NUCAS-D)
Unmanned Carrier Launched
Airborne Surveillance and Strike (UCLASS)
F/A-18E/F/G
Joint Strike Fighter (JSF)
BAMS: 5 Global Orbits (total procurement = 68 air vehicles), 4 vehicles/orbit to maintain 24/7 coverage up to 2000 nm from forward base. A total of 20 operational air vehicles over a 20 year period. IOC is in FY16.
UCAS-D: First Flight planned 2013
UCLASS: 6-8 air vehicles per CVN, 4-8 integrated with 1st strike group in 2020 time frame. Analysis of Alternatives is ongoing
Fire Scout: Designed for support to LCS with 1 H-60 and 1-2 Fire Scout each (total procurement = 168 air vehicles for 55 LCS). Currently, 3 air vehicles in Afghanistan supporting Army. Fire Scout SOF proof of concept on USS HALYBURTON FFG in Spring 2011 (missions off Africa). Navy planning to support Fire Scout dets on 2 FFG per year to support SOF orbits.
Scan Eagle: Currently, 6 operational systems with 12 air vehicles each. Systems deploy on DDG and LSD, and ashore in support of SOF.
H-60
Vertical Takeoff and Landing Unmanned Air Vehicle (VTUAV)
Fire Scout
Medium-Range Maritime
Unmanned Air System (MRMUAS)
Shadow
Scan Eagle
Small Tactical Unmanned Air System (STUAS)
ISR Increasingly Unmanned & Automated
UNCLASSIFIED 6 6 6

7. Naval UAV Inventory Plan PB13
UNCLASSIFIED
Naval UAV Inventory Plan PB13
>6% reduction in air vehicles in FY20 when compared to PB12
In the next decade, Navy will experience a six-fold increase in air systems in the Fleet to meet a full range of warfighting requirements.
Once commanders get a taste of ISR capabilities, they never look back except to wonder how they ever operated effectively without them (e.g., DDG & Scan Eagle)
As you might imagine, the increased number of sensors, and the variety of sensor types we will employ from FMV to radar to SIGINT, will produce a high volume of collection that must be processed, exploited, and disseminated.
Multiple Navy studies are underway examining different solutions for our TCPED needs. Those studies will guide our architecture in terms of what manpower needs to embedded in forward units, how much can depend on reach-back, and how the information will be efficiently exchanged, evaluated, and stored.
-1 Scan Eagle System = 12 Air Vehicles
1 STUAS/Shadow System = 5 Air Vehicles
Family of Systems Required to Provide Exquisite Situational Awareness
UNCLASSIFIED 7

8. Naval UAS Capabilities
UNCLASSIFIED
Naval UAS Capabilities
60,000
Sensors
EO/IR FMV
AIS
RADAR
APG
SIGINT
Comms Relay
Weapons
BAMS
50,000
40,000
Altitude / feet
Sensors
EO/IR FMV
AIS
RADAR
APG
SIGINT
Comms Relay
Weapons
Sensors
EO/IR FMV
AIS
RADAR
APG
SIGINT
Weapons
Sensors
EO/IR FMV
AIS
RADAR
APG
SIGINT
Comms Relay
Weapons
UCLASS
30,000
Sensors
EO/IR FMV
AIS
RADAR
APG
SIGINT
Comms relay
Weapons
20,000
MRMUAS
VTUAV
STUAS
with in-flight refueling
10,000
This chart shows at a glance the major UAS capabilities that Navy and USMC will be fielding in the next decade.
All of these are sea-based assets except for Shadow and BAMS.
UAS that are designed to employ weapons include UCLASS and MRMUAS, both of which have Beyond Line of Sight control and relays. A small number of Fire Scout VTUAV and Shadow will be weaponized.
Every platform has EO/IR capability, a select few have radar sensors and comms relay attributes, and all may ultimately be equipped with some level of signals intercept capability.
A special note on UCLASS, which will deploy from CVNs. UCLASS’s endurance will help fulfill the CSG commander’s off cycle ISR and strike coverage, which allows the manned air wing to run a normal 14-hr/day flight day, while relying on UCLASS at night to investigate contacts, keep the “picture” intact, and immediately respond to any contingencies or calls for fire.
Sensors
EO/IR FMV
AIS
RADAR
APG
SIGINT
Comms Relay
Weapons
Shadow
with rewing 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24
Effective Time On Station with max payload / hours
Baseline threshold capability
No programmed capability
Limited numbers of platforms may have select capabilities
APG – Airborne Precision Geolocation
AIS – Automated Identification System
UNCLASSIFIED 8 8

9. Navy UAS Operations in the Fleet
UNCLASSIFIED
Navy UAS Operations in the Fleet
Fire Scout
USS Halyburton over 420 Flight Hours
SOF and other combat support missions
Afghanistan RC (North) over 1230 Flight Hours
Counter piracy missions
TCDL COMM Relay
Remote Viewing Terminal exercised
Conduct of dual H-60/VTUAV Ops
Lessons learned to mature TTP Development
Two FFGs for AFRICOM/SOCOM support FY12
Scan Eagle / ISR Services
>170,000 flight hours supporting deployed forces.
Identification of surface vessels ISO maritime domain awareness
Surveillance of known smuggling and piracy areas
Persistent coverage for counter-insurgency operations
Route Survey Support
Strike Support
Surveillance and protection of high value infrastructure (OPLATs)
Battle Damage Assessment
The Navy is committed to testing and fielding capabilities as soon as possible to answer urgent calls for ISR support in the field. Exposure to operational environments early on provides a wealth of lessons that we can use to improve programmed capabilities.
BAMS-D was designed to deploy for six months to NAVCENT in It’s still there, providing a ¼ of the Maritime Component Commander’s ISR needs when it flies. Strike Groups don’t transit the Strait of Hormuz unless it’s airborne.
Navy Fire Scout have seen action supporting SOF missions, Operation Unified Protector in Libya, and in Afghanistan supporting Army units in a northern valley where access by fixed wing assets is not possible. Navy is readying Fire Scout to deploy on more surface combatants prior to LCS introduction to the fleet.
Scan Eagle, the precursor to Navy STUAS, has been a reliable ISR capability for years and continues to provide excellent support for our DDGs and select LSDs afloat, as well as shore expeditionary and Special Forces units.
All told, Navy has logged 50,000 combat flight hours with its family of UAS so far 9
UNCLASSIFIED

10. Navy UAS Operations in the Fleet
UNCLASSIFIED
Navy UAS Operations in the Fleet
BAMS-D
Demonstration program with real world utility
Provides the Fleet a persistent, high-altitude, multi-INT, maritime ISR capability
Currently on its 32th month of a 6 month deployment
> 6000 flight hours in CENTCOM AOR
Providing direct, actionable intelligence
Tactics, Techniques, Procedures Development
UCAS-D
Mature technologies for an unmanned air system to operate in a carrier environment
Demonstrates technologies supporting a potential follow-on acquisition program for CVN-based UAS
Surrogate testing with King Air and F/A-18 in CVN environment July 2011
First carrier landing with surrogate F/A-18 July 2011
First wheels-up flight Oct 2011
The Navy is committed to testing and fielding capabilities as soon as possible to answer urgent calls for ISR support in the field. Exposure to operational environments early on provides a wealth of lessons that we can use to improve programmed capabilities.
BAMS-D was designed to deploy for six months to NAVCENT in It’s still there, providing a ¼ of the Maritime Component Commander’s ISR needs when it flies. Strike Groups don’t transit the Strait of Hormuz unless it’s airborne.
Navy Fire Scout have seen action supporting SOF missions, Operation Unified Protector in Libya, and in Afghanistan supporting Army units in a northern valley where access by fixed wing assets is not possible. Navy is readying Fire Scout to deploy on more surface combatants prior to LCS introduction to the fleet.
Scan Eagle, the precursor to Navy STUAS, has been a reliable ISR capability for years and continues to provide excellent support for our DDGs and select LSDs afloat, as well as shore expeditionary and Special Forces units.
All told, Navy has logged 50,000 combat flight hours with its family of UAS so far 10
UNCLASSIFIED

11. Mid-Term COTS Mission UUV
Unmanned / Underwater System Roadmap
Today
2014
2018
SURTASS
ZEUS
SMCM
LBS AUV
LBS Glider UUV
LBS Glider Follow-on
PLUS INP
PLUS Fleet Asset
LDUUV INP
LDUUV LOC
LDUUV Fleet Assets
We are working a Family of mobile, fixed, and distributed netted systems to leverage the unique characteristics of the undersea environment and provide information dominance to our forces. Legacy systems in the mine warfare and environmental realms will continue to support their respective communities, as we utilize a number of existing demonstrations to mature CONOPS for our large displacement systems. The vehicles provided by the ONR Innovative Naval Prototype process will be used to train our cadre of operators and mature the CONOPS for our Program of Record system. I will talk about the technology needs that I foresee for these system in the coming slides.
Enabling Concepts Development / CONOPS Development / Fleet Awareness & Feedback
Mid-Term COTS Mission UUV
PAMS Demo
SWSS
DNS Sensors
ISR Increasingly Unmanned & Automated

12. LDUUV Vision By 2020 LDUUV will: By 2025 LDUUV will:
Initial Operating Capability (IOC) as an operational squadron
Provide above water Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR)
Leverage five years of operational lessons from developmental LDUUVs
By 2025 LDUUV will:
Achieve Full Rate Production
I know that many of you have heard about the LDUUV and were looking for it in the recent budget. We are proceeding in a manner that is a bit different and leverages internal Navy investment in key technology areas before we embark on a full-up acquisition program. We, Navy and industry, have been down the road on major UUV programs over the last two decades and we want to learn from the lessons of those efforts. So, the approach we are taking will mature the CONOPS with Navy-developed vehicles, leveraging commercial vehicles where necessary, to demonstrate utility and gain support for the long-term vision. I am convinced that once these systems show their worth in the fleet, it will be a repeat of our Broad Area Maritime Surveillance Demonstrator – but we need to get to that point.
Employ modular payloads for multiple missions in multiple areas
Deliver capability for multi-launch platforms

13. Partnership with industry more important than ever
UNCLASSIFIED
UxS Challenges
Endurance
Reliability
Autonomy
Platform
Sensors
PED
Common Control Systems
Common Systems Interoperability
Reduced Install/Certification Timelines
Navy faces many challenges with its growing unmanned family of systems.
Achieving desired endurance always comes with tradeoffs. In our airborne systems size, observability, and payload become drivers. Under water, the mission profile, payload type, host platform safety certification issues, and launch and recovery issues are some of the bounds on reaching our endurance targets.
High reliability is an absolute must. Operating machines for long periods of time in maritime environments is not easy. The design trades of reliability features (such as redundancy) versus cost are ones that we need to understand. We jointly need to deliver systems that commanders can trust to perform as advertised, particularly when delivering weapons or operating in sensitive areas.
Greater autonomy is a function of technology—it will happen over time. We need to keep a weather eye on the legal ramifications of what we are fielding (ROE, accountability, etc).
Key word is “common,” whether building control systems or data exchange networks and interfaces. We need to have an expansive view of this effort—it involves manned and unmanned systems, Navy and other service systems, US and allies/coalition systems.
Navy TCPED architecture will be unique in some ways (hybrid), but we also hope to capitalize on infrastructure and capabilities already fielded by other services. TCPED must be smart, effective and affordable.
Finally, we see a challenge in integrating all ISR capabilities (airborne, surface, subsurface; tactical, theater, and national) into a seamless network that is transparent to the Operational Commander. Key is to give the decisionmaker warfighting advantages, agnostic of platform type.
Partnership with industry more important than ever
UNCLASSIFIED 13

14. UAS Common Control System
Build These Once !
The COMMON UI & Presentation Layer
(Common UI)
Legacy App 1
Legacy App 2
Legacy App 3
Presentation Layer
Governance and Business Rules
Configuration Management
Technical Interface Rules
Airworthiness Process
Information Assurance
Safety
O/S layer
Service Bus
Data Archiving
Map
Mission Planning
UHF/VHF Management
External Messaging
Weather
Service A
Service B
Service C
SATCOM
Weapon Rel
Unique 3
Unique 1
Unique 4
Unique 2
STUAS C2
VTUAV C2
BAMS C2
Common AV C2
EO/IR C2
SAR Z X Y
The UNIQUE COMPONENTS
The COMMON COMPONENTS
I want to take moment to elaborate a bit on two of the items I just hit at the high level.
Some of you have seen Admiral Bill Shannon use this slide in describing where we are going with a Common Control System, and it is a great depiction.
What is shown is a Scalable System with a goal of hosting on existing infrastructure where possible. The intent is a system in which the Framework consisting of configuration managed Business Rules and technical interfaces connects to applications such as Mission Planning, Maps and Data Archiving, communication protocols, and sensor interfaces with a common presentation layer. When you bring a new vehicle, your vehicle and sensor unique applications are plugged into a system that the operators already understand for planning and operations – minimizing the time and cost for software certification, operator training, and user incorporation in the tactical tool kit.
Service Bus
The FRAMEWORK 14

15. Commonality / Interoperability
Achieving a CCS solution will enhance interoperability opportunities but interoperability inherently encompasses a much broader spectrum of issues across combatant forces, networks, customers, etc.
CCS
Interoperability
C2 / FMV / EO/IR / Radar / SIGINT / COMMINT . . .
MRMUAS
VTUAV
STUAS
BAMS
UCLASS
Governance
Information Assurance and Security Management
Hardware Performance Specification
Infrastructure (O/S layer, Middleware)
HMI Interface
Public Interfaces
Primary Mission Control
Vehicle Specific Module X
Vehicle Specific Module
Mission and Task Planning
Legacy Route Planning
Dynamic Battlespace
Sensor Product Processing, Exploitation, and Dissemination
Legacy Message Set FRED
External Messaging and Communication
System Support
Consistent Presentation Layer
UAS
Manned
The common control system will allow us to enhance interoperability across different UxS types as well as across different sensors and weapons carried by the vehicles. Just as the Common Control System will allow us to build once in the framework and leverage unique applications to minimize cost, exploiting commonality and interoperability across sensors and platforms will preclude the need to build mission-unique (read “stove-piped and expensive) systems as new mission areas evolve.

16. Summary Navy is on glide-slope to provide:
UNCLASSIFIED
Summary
Navy is on glide-slope to provide:
Persistence via unmanned systems
Capacity with more platforms and sensors
Capability with automated sensors
Flexibility with modular, scalable “plug & play” sensors
Timeliness through effective TCPED process
Connectivity through secure information sharing
Navy is driving toward capabilities it has long suffered without: unmanned systems that provide unmatched persistence and visualization of the battlespace that will empower commanders at all levels.
We intend to drive toward commonality wherever possible, because without it we cannot achieve the kind of interoperability upon which future operational success will depend. We must be ready to fight as a true team.
We also need to architect a TCPED system that is affordable, but still meets our needs in terms of timeliness, accuracy, and availability of data, information, and intelligence.
We recognize the unmanned revolution is underway, but Navy’s intent is to grow our capabilities in an evloutionary integrated fashion with manned platforms. Striking the right balance and mix is key to ensuring we provide maximum warfighting advantage to commanders at all levels.
“Navy’s intent is to produce a family of capable, effective, and interoperable unmanned systems that integrate with manned platforms and ships to provide situational awareness and warfighting advantage to commanders at all levels”
UNCLASSIFIED 16