1. Prologue- Rise of Democratic Ideas
Section 1
Legacy of Ancient Greece
And Rome
Standard 10.1 Students relate the moral and ethical principles
In ancient Greek and Roman philosophy to the development of Western
Political thought
Standard Trace the development of the Western political ideas
Of the rule of laws and illegitimacy of tyranny from Plato’s Republic
And Aristotle’s Politics

2. Athens Builds a Limited Democracy
Democracy – “rule of the people”

3. Solon and Cleisthenes How did Solon expand democracy?
Who was not allowed to become a citizen in Athens?
Why was Cleisthenes considered the founder of democracy?

4. Pericles How did Pericles strengthen democracy?
What is the difference between a direct and indirect democracy?
Why did democracy end in Athens?

5. Greek Philosophers Use Reason
Philosophy – “love of wisdom”
What is the connection between philosophy and democracy?
Socrates

6. Plato The Republic – describes a perfectly governed society.
Who should rule?
philosopher-kings!
Why?

7. Aristotle Politics – the middle class should govern society. Why?
Is Aristotle correct? Explain

8. Aristotle: In Search of the Best Constitution
What did all the delegates at the Constitutional Convention have in common?
Describe an ancient Greek constitution.
Why did Aristotle believe that kings should not possess absolute power?
What is a tyrant?
Define aristocracy and oligarchy.
Why did Aristotle believe that democracy was dangerous?
According to Aristotle, what was the best constitution?

9. Legacy of Greece Used reason to solve problems
Developed direct democracy to allow citizens to actively participate in government.
3 branches of government
Jury system

10. Rome Develops a Republic

11. A republic is a form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to elect the leaders who make governmental decisions

12. The Republic of Rome
Patricians – landowners who held most of the power. Claimed that their ancestry gave them the authority to make laws
Plebeians – common farmers, merchants. Were citizens and allowed to vote. However, could not hold many government positions.

13. Twelve Tables
Roman laws were carved on 12 tablets and publicly displayed.
Why is the formation of a written law code necessary in a democratic government?
Established the idea that all free citizens had the right to protection of the laws and that the laws would be fair to all.

14. Republican Government
Legislative branch made up of the Senate
Senate was made up of only patricians.
Why do you think plebeians were not allowed to be a senator?

15. Principles of Roman Law
All citizens had the right to equal treatment
Innocent until proven guilty
Burden of proof rested with the accuser
All laws should be based on reason !

16. Written Legal Code Code of Justinian
“a government of laws, not of men”
Read handout and answer questions #1, 2 in notes

17. Legacy of Rome Republic
An individual is a citizen in a state and not the subject of a ruler
Written legal code applied equally to all citizens