2. Chapter 4 Objectives Define nonverbal communication
Describe how verbal and nonverbal codes work in conjunction
Identify problems associated with interpreting nonverbal codes
Define and identify nonverbal codes
Demonstrate effective nonverbal communication skills

3. What is Nonverbal Communication ?
The process of using messages that are not words to generate meaning

4. How Verbal & Nonverbal Work Together
Repetition
Emphasis
Complementation
Contradiction
Substitution
Regulation

5. Difficulties Interpreting Nonverbal Codes
One code communicates a variety of meanings
A variety of codes communicate the same meaning

6. What are Nonverbal Codes ?
Codes consisting of symbols that are not words, including nonword vocalizations

7. What are Nonverbal Codes?
Bodily Movement & Facial Expression
Kinesics
Mehrabian
Liking, status, responsiveness
Ekman, Ekman & Friesen
Emblems
Illustrators
Affect displays
Regulators
Adaptors

8. What are Nonverbal Codes?
Physical Attraction
Characteristics associated with “beauty”
Affects our assessment of self and of others
Is based on words and messages in mediated communication situations

9. What are Nonverbal Codes?
Space
Proxemics
Territoriality
Personal space
Intimate distance
Personal distance
Social distance
Public distance

10. What are Nonverbal Codes?
Time
Chronemics
Perceptions of the past, present, and future
Use of time
Monochronic individuals
Polychronic individuals

11. What are Nonverbal Codes?
Touching
Tactile communication
Can be easily misunderstood
Lack of touching can lead to health disorders
Gender-based differences
Cultural differences

12. What are Nonverbal Codes?
Vocal Cues
Paralinguistic features
Sounds that are not words
Linked to perceptions of others
Age, gender, emotional state, personality characteristics, credibility, persuasiveness
Silence can be a vocal cue

13. What are Nonverbal Codes?
Clothing and Other Artifacts
Objectics
Communicate who you are
Satisfy your need for self-expression
Affect how others interact with you

14. Improving Your Nonverbal Communication
Practice increased sensitivity to:
The context
The audience
The feedback you give to others
The feedback others give to you

15. Adapting to Americans’ Nonverbal Behaviors
Americans expect consistent uses of space
Americans tend to be verbally explicit
Americans tend to use emblems for less formal messages
Eye contact is expected
Strong vocal characteristics have a positive impact