1. Mr. Beck World History

2.  Would you submit to a ruler with absolute power if it meant your country being strong and wealthy?

3.  Analyze positive and negative aspects of Louis XIV’s legacy  Outline Louis XIV’s and France’s rise to power

4.  1559, King Henry II of France dies  Left power to four sons who ruled one after the other (all incompetently)  Their mother (Catherine) actually held the country together but could not prevent a series of 8 religious wars between Catholics and Huguenots (French Protestants)

5.  1572: St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre  Many Huguenot nobles were in Paris attending marriage of Catherine’s daughter to Henry of Navarre  Most nobles were slaughtered, Henry of Navarre survived

6.  Became king when Catherine and her sons all died  Did not want to fight Catholics so gave up Protestantism and became Catholic  Edict of Nantes- act of religious tolerance which allowed Huguenots to set up their own houses of worship in certain cities  Was stabbed to death by a fanatic who did not agree with his religious compromises

7.  Would you give up your religion if it meant saving your country from war? Why or why not?

8.  Henry’s son Louis took over the throne after Henry’s death  Louis was a weak king but appointed a strong minister (Cardinal Richelieu) to make up for his weaknesses  Richelieu essentially ruled France and took two steps to increase monarch power  Went against Huguenots (saw them as threat)  Weakened the nobles (tore down their castles)

9.  Why did Richelieu go against the nobles?

10.  Wanted to make France the strongest state in Europe  Saw Hapsburg Dynasty (Spain, Austria, and Netherlands) as a threat  Waged thirty years’ war with Hapsburg Dynasty

11.  Began reign when he was 4 years old  French monarchy had already been strengthened  Boasted “I am the state”

12.  When Louis took the throne the true ruler at the time was Cardinal Mazarin, the successor to Richelieu  Mazarin raised taxes and sparked a series of riots with the nobles who threatened to kill Louis  Louis would never forget his fear or hatred of the nobles  Nobles lost rebellion and people accepted Louis’ laws because rebellion was worse

13.  Would you accept the rules of a tyrant because it was easier than rebelling? Why or why not?

14.  Mazarin died when Louis was 22  Louis excluded nobles from his councils  Increased power of intendants- officials who collected taxes and administered justice

15.  Jean Baptiste Colbert was Louis’s minister of finance  Wanted to make France self-sufficient  Taxed imports  Gave tax breaks to French companies  Encouraged people to move to France’s colony of Canada (fur trade)  Louis cancelled Edict of Nantes after Colbert’s death and many Huguenots fled (declined economy)

16.  Louis spent a fortune on personal luxuries  Surrounded himself with nobles as servants  Made the nobles rely on him  Kept nobles away from their families and increased power of his intendants  Was a patron of the arts for his Palace at Versailles

17.  1667, Louis invaded Spanish Netherlands to gain land  War of Spanish Succession- England, Austria, the Dutch Republic, Portugal, and German and Italian states joined forces to prevent spread of the Bourbon Dynasty’s power  Causes by Louis’s grandson being given the throne of Spain  From war, Great Britain gained Gibraltar (key fort) and permission to participate in profitable slave trade

18.  Louis died in 1715 and people celebrated due to the hardships and wars he brought the country  His enemies in Prussia and Austria had been experimenting with absolute monarchies

19. PositiveNegative  France was power in Europe  Ranked tops in Europe in art, literature, statesmanship  France was military leader in Europe  Warfare and Palace at Versailles put France in huge debt  Resentment over taxing poor would plague Louis’s heirs and lead to revolution

20. Read page 600 and answer questions 1 and 2