1. WORLD HISTORY – THE COLD WAR: UNIT 6 (Chapter 27) VOCABULARY

2. THE COMMIE SCARE, PT. 1  Truman Doctrine
stated that the US would provide money to countries threatened by Communist expansion
policy of containment
a plan to keep something, such as communism, within its existing geographical boundaries and prevent further aggressive moves
arms race
building up armies and stores of weapons to keep up with an enemy
Central Treaty Organization
including Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Pakistan, Great Britain, and the US, this organization intended to prevent the Soviet Union from expanding to the south.

3. There was a climate of fear during the 50s & 60s during the nuclear arms race

4. THE COMMIE SCARE, PT. 1  Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
formed to stem Soviet aggression in the East, the United States, Great Britain, France, Pakistan, Thailand, the Philippines, Australia, and New Zealand formed this organization.
Dean Acheson
US secretary of state who said "Like apples in a barrel infected by disease, the corruption of Greece would infect Iran and all the East...likewise Africa, Italy, France...Not since Rome and Carthage had there been such a polarization of power on this earth."
domino theory
idea that, if one country falls to communism, neighboring countries will also fall

5. THE DOMINO THEORY

6. POST-WWII RE-MAPPING THE WORLD

Marshall Plan
what followed the Truman Doctrine in June designed to rebuild the prosperity and stability of war-torn Europe...underlying belief that Communist aggression was successful in countries where there were economic problems; Soviets viewed this as an attempt to buy other countries' support
Berlin
located deep in the Soviet Zone of Germany, this city was divided into four zones amongst the US, the SU, Great Britain, and France.
Federal Republic of Germany
created in September of 1949, otherwise known as West Germany (not communist).
German Democratic Republic
created in 1949, also known as East Germany; set up by the Soviets (COMMUNIST).
Charles de Gaulle
president of France after World War II; 1946: established a new government called the Fourth Republic, but the power of the president was too weak; left politics and came back in 1958 to create a new constitution for the Fifth Republic that greatly enhanced the power of the president, which he became.

7. A barrier separated communist Berlin from free Berlin in Germany until it was removed in 1989

8. PEACE-KEEPING ATTEMPTS

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
formed in April 1949 when Belgium, Luxembourg, France, the Netherlands, Great Britain, Italy, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, and Iceland signed a treaty with the United States and Canada to agree to provide mutual help if any one of them was attacked. West Germany, Turkey, and Greece joined a few years later.

9. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization is still in operation today

10. COMMIE AGREEMENTS

Warsaw Pact
In 1955, the Soviet Union, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania in (a formal military alliance) like the West had with NATO.

11. This was an alliance of Communists designed to expand Russia’s influence

12. THE SPACE RACE/LEADERS/& THE COMMUNIST RUSSIA FACTORY SYSTEM

Sputnik I the first human-made space satellite
Nikita Khrushchev
emerged as the new leader of the Soviet Union in 1955 and tried to take advantage of the American concern over missiles to solve the problem in West Berlin (remaining a Western island of prosperity in the midst of the relatively poverty-stricken East Germany, people were escaping as refugees to West Berlin from East Germany); initiated the construction of the Wall separating West Berlin from East Germany; agreed to not start nuclear war with US if the US did not attack Cuba
heavy industry
the manufacture of machines and equipment for factories and mines

13. The first man-made object in space (by Russia)

14. REFORM IN THE USSR  de-Stalinization
the process of eliminating Stalin's more ruthless policies
Alexander Solzhenitsyn
author of "A Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich" (WORK CAMPS & DEHUMANIZATION)

15. Stalin’s death in 1953 ended decades of Soviet state-sponsored terror, but communism continued for 35 yrs.

16. COMMUNIST SATELLITE NATIONS

satellite state
a country that is economically and politically dependent on another country (often used with the countries under the Soviet Union)

18. MODERATE PROTESTS AGAINST THE USSR BY SATELLITE NATIONS

Albania
after World War II, this country set up a Stalinist-type regime (Communist) that became more and more independent of the Soviet Union everyday.
Tito (Josip Broz) of Yugoslavia
...the leader of the Communist resistance movement
...after the war, he moved toward the creation of an independent Communist state in Yugoslavia
...Stalin wanted Yugoslavia, but this man refused to let them control their country.
Alexander Dubcek
elected first secretary of the Communist Party in Czechoslovakia in January 1968
...hoped to create "socialism with a human face."
...all of this was short-lived, because the soviet army came and invaded to stop the government.

19. Czechs revolted against the Soviets in 1956 & later the USSR invaded them in 1968

20. STRONG PROTESTS AGAINST THE USSR BY SATELLITE NATIONS

Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia
3 countries that strongly opposed Soviet control after Stalin's death...protests erupted in 1956
Imre Nagy
the Hungarian leader who declared Hungary a free nation on November 1, 1956
...Soviets did not allow this, and attacked Budapest
...he was executed 2 years later

21. Eastern Europeans protesting the USSR

22. FREE/DEMOCRATIC EUROPE

Christian Democratic Union (CDU)
lead by Konrad Adenauer, chancellor in West Germany...very cooperative man who wanted to work with the US and France...under Adenauer, West Germany experienced an economic miracle guided by minister of finance, Ludwig Erhard
European Economic Community
(EEC); Common Market...free-trade area made up of the six member nations which would impose no tariffs, or import charges, on each other's goods; with a total population of 165 million, this community was the world's largest exporter and purchaser of raw materials
bloc
a group of nations with a common purpose

23. Havel was a great Polish president who dumped communism there in 1989

24. ECONOMICS OF THE COLD WAR

welfare state
a state in which the government takes responsibility for providing citizens with services such as health care (socialist)
real wages
the actual purchasing power of income
consumer society
a society preoccupied with buying goods

25. Ex-communist countries are still trying to adjust & a black market has resulted

26. IMPORTANT COLD WAR FIGURES OF THE USA

John F. Kennedy
In the 60s, at the age of 43, this man became the youngest man ever elected president in the US...
Martin Luther King Jr.
leader of a growing movement for racial equality in the United States who led a march on Washington D.C. to dramatize the African American desire for equality...advocated the action of passive disobedience

28. A FEW SOCIAL FACTORS OF COLD WAR AMERICA

women's liberation
movement a feminist movement in the late 60s
Simone de Beauvoir
her work was of great important to the women's liberation movement...published "The Second Sex"...